List of High Courts in India

Name	Establishment year	Territorial Jurisdiction	Seat
Allahabad	1866	Utter Pradesh	Allahabad (Bench at Lucknow)
Andhra Pradesh	1954	Andhra Pradesh	Hyderabad
Bombay	1862	Maharastra, Dadar, & Nagar Haveli. Goa, Daman  Diu
Kolkata	1862	West Bengal, Andman & Nicobar Islands	Kolkata ( Bench of port Blair)
Delhi	1966	Delhi	Delhi
Guwahati	1948	Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh	Guwahati (Bench at Kohima , Imphal , Agartala , and Shilong
Gujarat	1960	Gujarat	Ahmedabad
Himachal Pradesh	1966	Himachal Pradesh	Shimla
Jammu & Kashmir	1928	Jammu & Kashmir	Sri Nagar & Jammu
Karnataka	1884	Karnataka	Bangalore
Kerala	1958	Kerala & Lakshadweep	Ernakulam
Madhya Pradesh	1956	Madhya Pradesh	Jabalpur  (Bench –Indore , Gwalior)
Madras	1862	Tamil Nadu & Pondicherry	Chennai
Orissa	1948	Orissa	Cuttack
Patna	1916	Bihar	Patna
Punjab & Haryana	1975	Punjab, Haryana , Chandigarh	Chandigarh
Rajasthan	1949	Rajasthan	Jodhpur ( Bench – Jaipur)
Sikkim	1975	Sikkim	Gangtok
Chhattisgarh	2000	Chhattisgarh	Bilaspur
Uttarakhand	2000	Uttarakhand	Nainital
Jharkhand	2000	Jharkhand	Ranchi

Borrowed features of constitution from different countries.

From U.K.	Nominal Head – President (like Queen) Cabinet System of Ministers Post of PM Parliamentary Type of Govt. Bicameral Parliament Lower House more powerful Council of Ministers responsible to Lowe House Speaker in Lok Sabha
From U.S.	Written Constitution Executive head of state known as President and his being the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces Vice- President as the ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha Fundamental Rights Supreme Court Provision of States Independence of Judiciary and judicial review Preamble
From USSR	Fundamental Duties Five year Plan
From AUSTRALIA	Concurrent list Language of the preamble Provision regarding trade, commerce and intercourse
From JAPAN	Law on which the Supreme Court function
From WEIMAR CONSTITUION OF GERMANY	Suspension of Fundamental Rights during the emergency
From CANADA	Scheme of federation with a strong centre Distribution of powers between centre and the states and placing. Residuary Powers with the centre
From IRELAND	Concept of Directive Principles of States Policy(Ireland borrowed it from SPAIN) Method of election of President Nomination of members in the Rajya Sabha by the President

New states in India created after 1950

Andhra Pradesh	Created by the State of Andhra Pradesh Act 1953 by carving our some areas from the State of Chennai
Gujarat and Maharashtra	The State of Mumbai was divided into two States i.e. Maharashtra and Gujarat by the Mumbai (Reorganisation) Act 1960
Kerala	Created by the State Reorganisation Act, 1956. It comprised Travancor and Cochin areas
Karnataka	Created from the Princely State of Mysuru by the State Reorganisation Act, 1956. It was renamed Karnataka in 1973
Nagaland	It was carved out from the State of Asom by the State of Nagaland Act, 1952
Haryana	It was carved out from the State of Punjab by the Punjab (Reorganisation) Act, 1966
Himachal Pradesh	The Union Territory of Himachal Pradesh was elevated to the status of State by the State of Himachal Pradesh Act, 1970
Meghalaya	First carved out as a sub-State within the State of Asom by 23 Constitutional Amendment Act, 1969. Later in 1971, it received the status of a full-fledged State by the North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act 1971
Manipura and Tripura	Both these States were elevated from the status of Union-Territories by the North-Eastern Areas (Reorganisation) Act 1971
Sikkim	Sikkim was first given the Status of Associate State by the 35th Constitutional Amendment Act 1974. It got the status of a full State in 1975 by the 36th Amendment Act, 1975
Mizoram	It was elevated to the status of a full State by the State of Mizoram Act, 1986
Arunachal Pradesh	It received the status of a full state by the State of Arunachal Pradesh Act, 1896
Goa	Goa was separated from the Union-Territory of Goa, Daman and Diu and was made a full-fledged State of Goa, Daman and Diu Reorganisation Act 1987. But Daman and Diu remained as Union Territory
Chhattisgarh	Formed by the Constitutional Amendment Act, 2000 by dividing Madhya Pradesh on November 1, 2000
Uttarakhand	Formed by the Constitutional Amendment Act, 2000 by dividing Uttar Pradesh on November 9, 2000
Jharkhand	Formed by the Constitutional Amendment Act, 2000 by dividing Bihar on November 15, 2000

list of Presidents of India

 

S.No.	Name	Took Office	Left Office	Political Party
1	Rajendra Prasad	26 Jan 1950	13 May 1962	Indian National Congress
2	Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan	13 May 1962	13 May 1967	Independent
3	Zakir Hussain	13 May 1967	3 May 1969	Independent
	Varahagiri Venkata Giri*	3 May 1969	20 July 1969	Independent
	Muhammad Hidayatullah	20 July 1969	24 Aug 1969	Independent
4	Varahagiri Venkata Giri	24 Aug 1969	24 Aug 1974	Independent
5	Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed	24 Aug 1974	11 Feb 1977	Indian National Congress
	Basappa Danappa Jatti*	11 Feb 1977	25 July 1977	Independent
6	Neelam Sanjiva Reddy	25 July 1977	25 July 1982	Janata Party
7	Giani Jail Singh	25 July 1982	25 July 1987	Indian National Congress
8	Ramaswamy Venkataraman	25 July 1987	25 July 1992	Indian National Congress
9	Shankar Dayal Sharma	25 July 1992	25 July 1997	Indian National Congress
10	Kocheril Raman Narayanan	25 July 1997	25 July 2002	Independent
11	A.P.J. Abdul Kalam	25 July 2002	25 July 2007	Independent
12	Pratibha Patil	25 July 2007	Incumbant	Indian National Congress

* denotes Acting Presidents

Solicitor General of India (past and present)

Solicitor General	Term
C.K.Daphtary	28.01.1950 – 01.03.1963
H.N. Sanyal	02.03.1963 – 09.09.1964
S.V. Gupta	10.09.1964 – 16.09.1967
Niren De	30.09.1967 – 30.10.1968
Jagadish Swarup	05.06.1969 – 04.06.1972
L.N. Sinha	17.07.1972 – 05.04.1977
S.N. Kacker	05.04.1977 – 02.08.1979
Soli Sorabjee	09.08.1979 – 25.01.1980
K. Parasaran	06.03.1980 – 08.08.1983
Milon K. Banerji	04.04.1986 – 03.04.1989
Ashok Desai	18.12.1989 – 02.12.1990
A.D. Giri	04.12.1990 – 01.12.1991
Dipankar P. Gupta	09.04.1992 – 10.04.1997
T.R.Andhyarujina	11.04.1997 – 04.04.1998
Nitte Santhosh Hegde	10.04.1998 – 07.01.1999
Harish Salve	01.11.1999 - 03.11.2002
Kirit N Raval	04.11.2002 - 19.04.2004
G. E. Vahanvati	20.04.2004 - 07.06.2009
Gopal Subramaniam	15.06.2009 - 14.7.2011
Rohinton Nariman	23.7.2011 -

Writs - Provisions in Indian Constitution

The Indian Constitution empowers the Supreme Court to issue writs as mentioned above for enforcement of any of the fundamental rights conferred by Part III of Indian Constitution. (Article 32) Thus the power to issue writs is primarily a provision made to make available the Right to Constitutional Remedies to every citizen. The Right to Constitutional Remedies, as we know, is a guarantor of all other fundamental rights available to the people of India.
In addition to the above, the Constitution also provides for the Parliament to confer on the Supreme Court power to issue writs, for purposes other than those mentioned above.
Similary High Courts in India are also empowered to issue writs for the enforcement of any of the rights conferred by Part III and for any other purpose.

Types of Writs

There are five types of Writs - Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari and Quo warranto.

1. Habeas Corpus

"Habeas Corpus" is a Latin term which literally means "you may have the body." The writ is issued to produce a person who has been detained , whether in prison or in private custody, before a court and to release him if such detention is found illegal.

2. Mandamus

Mandamus is a Latin word, which means "We Command". Mandamus is an order from the Supreme Court or High Court to a lower court or tribunal or public authority to perform a public or statutory duty. This writ of command is issued by the Supreme Court of High court when any government, court, corporation or any public authority has to do a public duty but fails to do so.

3. Certiorari

Literally, Certiorari means to be certified. The writ of certiorari can be issued by the Supreme Court or any High Court for quashing the order already passed by an inferior court, tribunal or quasi judicial authority. There are several conditions necessary for the issue of writ of certiorari

1. There should be court, tribunal or an officer having legal authority to determine the question with a duty to act judicially.
2. Such a court, tribunal or officer must have passed an order acting without jurisdiction or in excess of the judicial authority vested by law in such court, tribunal or officer.
3. The order could also be against the principles of natural justice or the order could contain an error of judgment in appreciating the facts of the case.

4. Prohibition

The Writ of prohibition means to forbid or to stop and it is popularly known as 'Stay Order'. This writ is issued when a lower court or a body tries to transgress the limits or powers vested in it. The writ of prohibition is issued by any High Court or the Supreme Court to any inferior court, or quasi judicial body prohibiting the latter from continuing the proceedings in a particular case, where it has no jurisdiction to try. After the issue of this writ, proceedings in the lower court etc. come to a stop.

Difference between Prohibition and Certiorari:

1. While the writ of prohibition is available during the pendency of proceedings, the writ of certiorari can be resorted to only after the order or decision has been announced.
2. Both the writs are issued against legal bodies.

5. The Writ of Quo-Warranto

The word Quo-Warranto literally means "by what warrants?" or "what is your authority"? It is a writ issued with a view to restrain a person from holding a public office to which he is not entitled. The writ requires the concerned person to explain to the Court by what authority he holds the office. If a person has usurped a public office, the Court may direct him not to carry out any activities in the office or may announce the office to be vacant. Thus High Court may issue a writ of quo-warranto if a person holds an office beyond his retirement age.

Writs in brief

Type of Writ	Meaning of the word	Purpose of issue
Habeas Corpus	You may have the body	To release a person who has been detained unlawfully whether in prison or in private custody.
Mandamus	We Command	To secure the performance of public duties by lower court, tribunal or public authority.
Certiorari	To be certified	To quash the order already passed by an inferior court, tribunal or quasi judicial authority.
Prohibition	-	To prohibit an inferior court from continuing the proceedings in a particular case where it has no jurisdiction to try.
Quo Warranto	What is your authority?	To restrain a person from holding a public office which he is not entitled.

INDIAN CONSTITUTION MCQs

1. The word ex-officio means included or allowed because of holding the office of the Vice President of India
(a) he/she would automatically become the Chairperson
(b) he/she would be elected by the people directly
(c) he/she would be nominated by the President of India
(d) None of the above
Ans. (a)
2. Which of the following statement is not correct?
(a) If the majority of the house votes against minister continues in power
(b) If the majority of the house votes for the motion the council of ministers has to resign
(c) If the President votes against the motion of the council of ministers 1s to resign
(d) None of the above
Ans. (c)
3. Which of the following is not correct?
(a) Starred questions are for oral answers.
(b) Non-starred questions and written answers
(c) Both are for oral and written answers
(d) None of the above
Ans. (c)
4. The President enjoys the following powers
(a) Financial powers
(b) Emergency powers
(c) Judicial powers
(d) All of the above
Ans. (d)
5. Which of the following is not a judicial function of the Parliament?
(a) It can impeach and remove the President out of his office
(b) It takes part in the election of the President
(c) It can impeach the judges of the Supreme Court
(d) It can impeach the judges of the High Court of India
Ans. (b)
6. Which of the following is not the function of the cabinet?
(a) All national policies of the government are formulated
(b) All major appointments made by the President are decided by this body
(c) It decides the country’s foreign policy
(d) It rules but does not reign
Ans. (d)
7. The Council of Ministers at the centre is responsible to
(a) The President
(b) The Prime Minister
(c) The Rajya Sabha
(d) The Lok Sabha
Ans. (d)
8. In the third stage of the bill
(a) The name and purpose of the bill is given
(b) The bill is read and discussed clause by clause
(c) The bill is put to vote
(d) None of the above
Ans. (c)
9. The Parliament follows certain types of motions such as
(a) The no-confidence motion
(b) Calling attention notice
(c) Adjournment motion
(d) All of the above
Ans. (d)
10. The head of the council of Ministers and the actual head of the central government is the
(a) President
(b) Cabinet Ministers
(c)Prime Minister
(d) Vice President
Ans. (c)
11. The judicial functions of the Indian Parliament are -
(a) It can remove the President out of office
(b) It can impeach the President
(c) It can impeach the judges of the Supreme Court and the High Court of India
(d) all of the above
Ans. (d)
12. The Parliament can pass a bill on subjects mentioned in the state list if members of
(a) The Rajya Sabha adopts a resolution to that effect by two-third majority
(b) The Lok Sabha adopts a resolution to that effect by two third majority
(c) The Lok Sabha adopts a resolution by simple majority
(d) The Rajya Sabha adopts a resolution to that effect by absolute majority.
Ans. (a)
13. Which statement is correct?
(a) The Indian Parliament controls the Executive
(b) The Speaker controls the Prime Minister
(c) The Vice President controls the Speaker
(d) All of the above are correct
Ans. (a)
14. Which of the following are not the functions of legislature?
(a) To enact laws
(b) To conduct election
(c) To control finance
(d) To consider matters of publish importance
Ans. (b)
15. Which of the following do not have bicameral legislature?
(a) England
(b) India
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Ans. (c)
16. Which body can sit as the court of impeachment for the trial of the President?
(a) The Supreme Court
(b) The Election Commission
(c) The Parliament
(d) The Prime Minister
Ans. (c)
17. Who is the first citizen of the country?
(a) The wife of the President
(b) The father of the President
(c) The President himself
(d) The Prime Minister
Ans. (c)
18. President rule is imposed in a state under
(a) Article 353
(b) Article 356
(c) Article 351
(d) Article 359
Ans. (d)
19. Who had the shortest term of Vice Presidentship in India?
(a) Dr. Zakir Hussain
(b) Shri V.V. Giri
(c) Shri Krishan Kant
(d) Shri K.R. Narayanan
Ans. (b)
20. Who had the shortest term of Presidentship in India?
(a) Dr. F.A. Ahmed
(b) Dr. S. Radha Krishnan
(c) Dr. Zakir Hussain
(d) Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma
Ans. (c)

POLITY OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1.Who is known as the sculptor of the constitution of India’?
(a) Rajendra Prasad (b) V.V. Giri
(c) B.R. Ambedkar (d) Dr. S. Radhakrishnan

Answer : C

2.What is known as the “Little India”?
(a) City (b) Town (c) Village (d) State

Answer : C

3.A major obstacle to democracy is:
(a) Poverty of the people (b) Illiteracy
(c) Bureaucracy (d) Corruption

Answer : D

4.What is the function of the Gram Panchayat?
(a) To maintain law and order (b) To develop agriculture
(c) To maintain Sanitation (d) All of the above

Answer : D

5.Who is a “Lumbardar”?
(a) The head of a regiment (b) Head of Village
(c) Head of labourers (d) Nominee of the government

Answer : B

6.What is the lowest stage of the local government?
(a) Gram Panchayat (b) Panchayat samiti
(c) Zila Panchayat (d) District Council

Answer : A

7.What is known as the “Little India”?
(a) City (b) Town (c) Village (d) State

Answer : C

8.The mayor of the Corporation is:
(a) Elected by the people
(b) Elected by the members of the Corporation
(c) Appointed by the Chief Minister
(d) Appointed by the Government

Answer : B

9.Who collects the House Tax?
(a) Municipality or corporation (b) State Government
(c) Central government (d) District magistrate

Answer : A

10.What is the head of a Corporation known as
(a) President (b) Chairman (c) Alderman (d) Mayor

Answer : D

11.What is a Corporation?
(a) It is the same as municipality
(b) It is the municipality of a very big city
(c) It is a business undertaking (d) It is a limited company

Answer : B

12.What is the duty of the Municipality?
(a) To maintain law and order
(b) To keep the city neat and clean
(c) To collect taxes (d) To suppress crime

Answer : B

13.What is Local Self-Government?
(a) Government of the wife (b) Government of the husband
(c) Municipal government (d) Mental government

Answer : C

14.Who was the last Governor-General of India?
(a) Lord Mountbatten (b) Rajagopalachari
(c) Dr. Rajendra Prasad (d) Sarojini Naidu

Answer : B

15.Who is a gazetted officer?
(a) An officer with the red tape
(b) Bureaucrat
(c) Deputy Secretary
(d) The high officer of a department whose transfer is gazetted

Answer : D

16.Which is the most important and highest service?
(a) Indian Administrative Service (b) Indian Foreign Service
(c) Indian Police Service (d) Indian Information Service

Answer : B

17.Which is not an essential part of the Government?
(a) Cabinet (b) The Supreme Court
(c) Parliament (d) Indian Administrative Service

Answer : D

18.The Governor of a State is appointed by
(a) The State legislature (b) The Prime Minister
(c) The President (d) The Parliament

Answer : C

19.Who appoints the Chief Minister?
(a) The Governor of the State (b) The Prime Minister
(c) The Legislative Assembly (d) The Supreme Court

Answer : C

20.Who is a Chief Minister?
(a) Deputy Prime Minister
(b) The leader of the Union Territory
(c) The Leader of the Legislative Assembly in a State
(d) None of the above

Answer : C

21.Who elects the Prime Minister?
(a) The people (b) The President
(c) The Parliament (d) All of the above

Answer : C

22.The President of India is elected by:
(a) The members of Parliament
(b) The Members of Legislative Assemblies
(c) Both (d) Neither

Answer : B

23.The judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by
(a) The Prime Minister of India
(b) The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
(c) The President of India (d) The Indian parliament

Answer : C

24.When the President can declare emergency?
(a) When there is a breakdown of the constitutional machinery
(b) When security of India is threatened
(c) When financial stability is endangered
(d) Any or all of the above

Answer : D

25.Who is the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces in India?
(a) The Prime Minister (b) The Commander-in-chief
(c) The President of India (d) Minister of Defence

Answer : C

26.Who Presides over the Rajya Sabha?
(a) The President of India (b) The Speaker of Lok sabha
(c) The Vice-President (d) None of them

Answer : C

27.Which body makes laws?
(a) The President (b) The Prime Minister
(c) The Parliament (d) The Supreme Court

Answer : C

28.In whom is the real power invested in India?
(a) The President (b) The Prime Minister
(c) Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
(d) All of them together

Answer : B

29.What are the essential elements of a republic?
(a) Independence (b) Sovereignty
(c) Democracy (d) All of the above

Answer : D

30.The function of the judiciary is:
(a) To make laws (b) To enforce laws
(c) To interpret laws (d) All of the above

Answer : C

31.What is law-making authority of the government called?
(a) Legislature (b) Executive
(c) Judiciary (d) None of the above

Answer : A

32.In democracy:
(a) All people are equal
(b) All people are equal politically
(c) All people are equal economically
(d) None of the above is true

Answer : B

33.What is a government of the people, for the people and by the people?
(a) Dictatorship (b) Aristocracy
(c) Mobocracy (d) Ram Rajya

Answer : C

34.Which is a government of the people, by the people and for the people?
(a) Monarchy (b) Bureaucracy
(c) Oligarchy (d) Democracy

Answer : D

35.Who is a citizen?
(a) A person who lives in a city
(b) A citizen is one who enjoys full legal rights in a country
(c) Both (d) Neither

Answer : B

36.What are the qualifications of a judge of the High Court?
(a) Should have held a judicial office for not less than ten years
(b) Should have been advocate in a High Court for not less ten years
(c) Either (d) Neither

Answer : C

37.What are the qualifications of a member of Parliament?
(a) A citizen of India
(b) Not less than 25 years of age
(c) An elector of any parliamentary constituency
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

38.What are the functions of the Prime Minister?
(a) Constituting the Cabinet
(b) Presiding over the Cabinet
(c) Leadership of the House of the People
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

39.What are the basis principles of the Cabinet Government?
(a) Political homogeneity (b) Ministerial responsibility
(c) Leadership of the Prime Minister
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

40.What are the Emergency Powers of the President
(a) Emergency caused by war or internal disturbances
(b) Emergency Because of the failure of the Constitution
(c) Financial emergencies
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

41.What are the qualifications of the President of India?
(a) A citizen of India
(b) Over 35 years of age
(c) Eligible for election as a member of the Parliament
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

42.What is common between the President of India and the President of America?
(a) Name (b) Powers (c) Both (d) Neither

Answer : A

43.What are the Directive Principles for promoting International Peace?
(a) Promote International peace and security
(b) Maintain honourable relations between nations
(c) Foster respect for international law
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

44.What are the Directive Principles for shaping India into a Gandhian State?
(a) Organization of village panchayts
(b) promotion of prohibition
(c) Promotion of Khadi and village industries
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

45.What are the Directive Principle of developing India as a Welfare State?
(a) Fair distribution of Wealth
(b) Equal pay for equal work to men and women
(c) Free and compulsory education for children up to 14 years
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

46.What are Writs?
(a) Habeas Corpus (b) mandamus
(c) Quo warranto (d) All of the above

Answer : D

47.What is Right against Exploitation?
(a) Traffic in human beings is forbidden
(b) Forced labour is prohibited
(c) Children under fourteen years of age cannot be employed in factories
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

48.What is Right to Freedom?
(a) Right of speech and expression
(b) Right to assemble peacefully
(c) Right to form associations and unions
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

49.What does Article 17 of the Constitution Say?
(a) Untouchability is abolished
(b) The practice of untouchability is forbidden
(c) Practice untouchability is an offence
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

50.What are the Fundamental Rights?
(a) Right to property (b) Right to equality
(c) Right to Freedom of Religion (d) All of the above

Answer : D

Indian Polity Objective Questions

1. How many spokes are there in the Ashoka Wheel of the Indian National Flag?

a) 24
b) 23
c) 22
d) 18

2. Who was the first Governor General of free India?

a) C Rajagopalachari
b) Lord Mountbatten
c) Rajendra Prasad
d) Sardar Vallabhai Patel

3. Who was the first Indian Governor General of free India?

a) C Rajagopalachari
b) Lord Mountbatten
c) Dr S Radhakrishnan
d) Rajendra Prasad

4. Which is India’s national animal?

a) Lion
b) Tiger
c) Elephant
d) Cow

5. Which of the following is our National Anthem?

a) Jana Gana Mana …
b) Vandematharam
c) Sare Jahanse Achcha
d) Jhanda Uncha Rahe Hamara

6. Who appoints the Chief Election Commissioner of India?

a) President of India
b) Prime Minister
c) Home Minister
d) Supreme Court

7. What is the maximum number of members of Lok Sabha?

a) 525
b) 535
c) 545
d) 550

8. For how long can President’s rule be imposed in a state initially?

a) One year
b) Two years
c) Three years
d) Six months

9. In the matter of Money bills, the position of Rajya Sabha is

a) Superior
b) Inferior
c) Same as that of Lok Sabha
d) None of these

10. Who appoints the Advocate General?

a) Governor of the State
b) Chief Minister
c) President of India
d) Chief Justice of High Court

11. Who is the head of the State Government?

a) Governor
b) Chief Minister
c) Chief Justice of High Court
d) President

12. Who appoints the Governors of the State?

a) President of India
b) Prime Minister
c) Chief Minister
d) Supreme Court

13. What is the term of office of the governor of a state?

a) 4 years
b) 5 years
c) 6 years
d) 7 years

14. How many kinds of emergencies are there according to our constitution?

a) three
b) four
c) two
d) five

15. By which amendment was the voting age reduced to 18 from 21?

a) 52nd amendment
b) 56th amendment
c) 61st amendment
d) 73rd amendment

Answers

1. 24
2. Lord Mountbatten
3. C Rajagopalachari
4. Lion
5. Jana Gana Mana …
6. President of India
7. 545
8. Six months
9. Inferior
10. Governor of the State
11. Governor
12. President of India
13. 5 years
14. three
15. 61st amendment

1. In which of the following year came the first Constitutional Amendment?

a) 1951
b) 1952
c) 1956
d) 1948

2. By which amendment was primary education added to the list of Fundamental Rights?

a) 91st amendment
b) 92nd amendment
c) 93rd amendment
d) 94th amendment

3. Who appoints the members of the Union Public Service Commission?

a) President
b) Prime Minister
c) Chairman of UPSC
d) Chief Justice of Supreme Court

4. What is India’s National bird?

a) Swan
b) Pigeon
c) Nightingale
d) Peacock

5. What is India’s National Flower?

a) Rose
b) Lotus
c) Jasmine
d) Hibiscus

6. Which of the following statements tell why India is a democratic republic?

a) The head of the state is elected by the people
b) There is parliamentary supremacy
c) There is independence of judiciary
d) None of these

7. How many members can be nominated by the President to the Rajya Sabha?

a) 10
b) 12
c) 15
d) 18

8. Who is the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of India?

a) Defence Minister
b) Prime Minister
c) President of India
d) Chief of Army Staff

9. What is dealt within the Part IV of our Constitution?

a) Fundamental duties
b) Directive principles of State Policy
c) Fundamental rights
d) Citizenship

10. From which constitution did our constitution borrow the concept of the Directive Principles of State Policy?

a) Canada
b) Ireland
c) United Kingdom
d) Germany

Answers

1. 1951
2. 93rd amendment
3. President
4. Peacock
5. Lotus
6. The head of the state is elected by the people
7. 12
8. President of India
9. Directive principles of State Policy
10. Ireland

1. Which writ can be issued by a High Court to direct a public official or the government not to enforce a law which is unconstitutional?

a) Certiorari
b) Prohibition
c) Quo Warranto
d) Mandamus

GK Indian Polity 3

1. Which writ can be issued by a High Court to direct a public official or the government not to enforce a law which is unconstitutional?

a) Certiorari
b) Prohibition
c) Quo Warranto
d) Mandamus

2. In which of the following is the residuary powers vested according to our constitution?

a) Union Parliament
b) Prime Minister
c) President
d) Supreme Court

3. From which of the following is the word ‘Satyameva Jayate’ inscribed in our national emblem taken?

a) Mahabharata
b) Mundaka Upanishad
c) Kathopanishad
d) Ramayana

4. The constituent Assembly adopted the design of the National Flag on

a) 22nd July, 1947
b) 26th November, 1949
c) 26th January, 1950
d) 15th August, 1947

5. The state of Bombay was split into two states Gujarat and Maharashtra in the year

a) 1960
b) 1972
c) 1956
d) 1980

6. Which article of our constitution forms the core of the Chapter on Fundamental Rights?

a) Article 19
b) Article 18
c) Article 20
d) Article 21

7. How many categories of freedom can an Indian citizen have?

a) 6
b) 8
c) 9
d) 12

8. Which schedule of our constitution deals with the languages approved by the constitution?

a) Fourth Schedule
b) Eighth Schedule
c) Tenth Schedule
d) Fifth Schedule

9. Which schedule of our constitution deals with the Anti-Defection law?

a) Fourth Schedule
b) Eighth Schedule
c) Tenth Schedule
d) Fifth Schedule

10. Who appoints the Secretary General of the Lok Sabha?

a) Speaker
b) Prime Minister
c) Members of the Lok Sabha
d) President

11. For what period can the Vice President hold the office of the President in the event of the death of the President?

a) Two months
b) Six months
c) One month
d) Three months

12. A person seeking election to the office of Vice President must have completed what age?

a) 35 years
b) 30 years
c) 25 years
d) 18 years

13. Who is the ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha?

a) President
b) Vice President
c) Speaker
d) None of these

14. Who was the first Chairman of the Planning Commission?

a) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) BR Ambedkar
c) C Rangarajan
d) KC Pant

15. The full status of statehood was conferred upon the Union territories of Manipur and Tripura in

a) 1956
b) 1960
c) 1985
d) 1972

1. Mandamus
2. Union Parliament
3. Mundaka Upanishad
4. 22nd July, 1947
5. 1960
6. Article 19
7. 6
8. Eighth Schedule
9. Tenth Schedule
10. Speaker
11. Six months
12. 35 years
13. Vice President
14. Jawaharlal Nehru
15. 1972

1. Which of the following does not constitute the Electoral College for electing the President of India?

a) Elected members of the Legislative Council
b) Elected members of the Legislative Assembly
c) Elected members of Lok Sabha
d) Elected members of Rajya Sabha

2. In which of the following year was the proclamation of Emergency by the President on the ground of internal disturbance made for the first time?

a) 1975
b) 1960
c) 1976
d) 1974

3. Within what period from the date of its proclamation will an emergency cease to be in operation, unless approved by resolutions of both Houses of Parliament?

a) one month
b) two month
c) three month
d) six month

4. The proclamation of emergency under Article 362 was made for the first time in

a) 1975
b) 1962
c) 1976
d) 1960

5. Which of the following is not a financial committee of Parliament in India?

a) Public Accounts Committee
b) Estimates Committee
c) Finance Commission
d) Committee on Public Undertakings

6. At which of the following places is the Supreme Court of India located?

a) Mumbai
b) Madras
c) New Delhi
d) Calcutta

7. What is the duration of the term of the President of India?

a) Four years
b) Five years
c) Six years
d) Seven years

8. For a maximum period of how many days can a Money Bill passed by the Lok Sabha be detained by the Rajya Sabha?

a) 14 days
b) 30 days
c) 90 days
d) 60 days

9. Which of the following qualification is not essential for election as the President of India?

a) The candidate must be a citizen of India?
b) Must have completed 35 years of age
c) Must be a member of Lok Sabha
d) Must not be holding an office of profit

10. How many members can be nominated by the President to the Rajya Sabha?

a) 10
b) 12
c) 15
d) 18

Answers

1. Elected members of the Legislative Council
2. 1975
3. one month
4. 1962
5. Finance Commission
6. New Delhi
7. Five years
8. 14 days
9. Must be a member of Lok Sabha
10. 12

1. Which article of our constitution deals with the amendment of constitution?

a) Article 368
b) Article 352
c) Article 356
d) Article 360

2. By which of the following Acts were the High Courts of Bombay, Madras and Calcutta established?

a) Indian High Court Act, 1911
b) Indian High Courts Act, 1865
c) Indian High Courts Act, 1861
d) None of these

3. Who was the Prime Minister of India when National Emergency was declared in 1975?

a) Indira Gandhi
b) Morarji Desai
c) Lal Bahadur Shastri
d) Jawaharlal Nehru

4. Who was the President of India when National Emergency was declared in 1975?

a) Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy
b) Fakruddin Ali Ahmed
c) VV Giri
d) Gyani Sail Singh

5. What is the form of Government which is headed by an elected representative and a not a hereditary monarch called?

a) Republican
b) Democratic
c) Presidential
d) Parliamentary

6. Which of the following is a Fundamental right?

a) freedom of expression
b) Right to Personal Liberty
c) Right to move freely within India
d) All the above

7. Which of the following is not a Fundamental right?

a) right to live
b) right to freedom of religion
c) right to contest an election
d) right to equal protection under the laws

8. Who wrote the National Anthem of India?

a) Rabindranath Tagore
b) Muhammad Iqbal
c) Bankim Chandra Chatterji
d) Mahatma Gandhi

9. By virtue of which Act, did the British government take over the administration from East India Company?

a) Act of 1858
b) Act of 1909
c) Act of 1919
d) Act of 1935

10. The position of the President of India is comparable to

a) British Monarch
b) US President
c) Russian President
d) German Chancellor

11. Disputes regarding election to the posts of President and Vice President should be brought before

a) Supreme Court
b) Lok Sabha
c) Rajya Sabha
d) Election Commission

12. A Bill passed by the Parliament has to be signed by

a) Prime Minister
b) President
c) Cabinet
d) Speaker

13. What is the retiring age of the Judges of Supreme Court?

a) 60
b) 62
c) 65
d) 68

14. Who among the following has the right to take part in the proceedings of any committee of Parliament without being a member of it?

a) Deputy Chairperson of Finance Commission
b) Comptroller and Auditor General of India
c) The Attorney General of India
d) Election Commissioner

15. From which of the following nations did we borrow the doctrine of judicial review?

a) Great Britain
b) USA
c) France
d) Switzerland

16. Who is the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha?

a) Prime Minister
b) President
c) Vice President
d) Speaker of Lok Sabha

17. Under the provisions of which Article of the Constitution is President’s rule imposed in a state?

a) Article 352
b) Article 350
c) Article 356
d) Article 360

18. How many times can a person be elected President of India?

a) two times
b) three times
c) four times
d) no limit

19. The President of India can be removed from office by

a) Parliament
b) The Lok Sabha
c) The Prime Minister of India
d) The Chief Justice of India

20. What is the normal term of office of the Prime Minister of India?

a) five years
b) four years
c) six years
d) no limit

21. What is the minimum voting age in India?

a) 18 years
b) 21 years
c) 20 years
d) 25 years

22. To be eligible for election as a member of Rajya Sabha a candidate must have completed what age?

a) 25 years
b) 30 years
c) 35 years
d) 18 years

23. What is the number of writs that can be issued by the Supreme Court or High Court?

a) 3
b) 4
c) 6
d) 5

24. Which of the following acts introduced diarchy as the form of Government at the provincial level?

a) Govt. of India Act, 1919
b) Minto-Morley reforms
c) Montague Chelmsford Reforms
d) Govt. of India Act, 1935

25. Which of the following events compelled Gandhiji to launch the Civil Disobedience Movement?

a) Jalianwala Bagh massacre
b) Chauri Chaura incident
c) Rowlatt Act
d) Failure of Cripps Mission

Answers

1. Article 368
2. Indian High Courts Act, 1861
3. Indira Gandhi
4. Fakruddin Ali Ahmed
5. Republican
6. All the above
7. right to contest an election
8. Rabindranath Tagore
9. Act of 1858
10. British Monarch
11. Supreme Court
12. President
13. 65
14. The Attorney General of India
15. USA
16. Prime Minister
17. Article 356
18. no limit
19. Parliament
20. five years
21. 18 years
22. 30 years
23. 5
24. Govt. of India Act, 1919
25. Rowlatt Act

1. A candidate must have completed what age to be a member of the Lok Sabha?

a) 25 years
b) 30 years
c) 35 years
d) 18 years

2. Which amendment to the Constitution deals with the reorganization of states?

a) 7th amendment
b) 5th amendment
c) 6th amendment
d) 4th amendment

3. Which Indian state has its own constitution?

a) Punjab
b) Delhi
c) Jammu and Kashmir
d) West Bengal

4. Who among the following gives legal advice to the state government?

a) Comptroller and Auditor General
b) Advocate General
c) Chief Justice of High Court
d) Attorney General of India

5. Which amendment to the Constitution deals with the Anti-defection law?

a) 42nd Amendment
b) 52nd Amendment
c) 61st Amendment
d) 47th Amendment

6. Which Article of our Constitution forbids child labour?

a) Article 18
b) Article 24
c) Article 36
d) Article 28

7. Who is the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces in India?

a) Prime Minister
b) Defence Minister
c) President
d) Chief of Army Staff

8. Who appoints the Judges of the Supreme Court and High Court?

a) Prime Minister
b) Law Minister
c) President
d) Speaker of Lok Sabha

9. What is the term of office of the Vice President of India?

a) 4 years
b) 5 years
c) 6 years
d) 7 years

10. For a No-Confidence Motion to be introduced in the Lok Sabha it must have the support of at least

a) 50 members
b) One-third of the total number of members
c) 60 members
d) 100 members

11. How many Anglo Indians can be nominated by the President to the Lok Sabha?

a) 12
b) 6
c) 3
d) 2

12. What is the maximum strength of Rajya Sabha?

a) 250 members
b) 260 members
c) 300 members
d) 500 members

13. What is the term of office of a member of Rajya Sabha?

a) 5 years
b) 6 years
c) 4 years
d) 7 years

14. Who administers the oath of office to the President of India? a) Prime Minister

b) Chief Justice of India
c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
d) Vice President

15. Who holds the office of the President if neither the President nor the Vice President is available?

a) Prime Minister
b) Chief Justice of India
c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
d) None

16. Which of the following schedules in the Constitution divides the legislative powers between the Union and the States?

a) V schedule
b) VI schedule
c) VII schedule
d) VIII schedule

17. In accordance with the provisions of our constitution new all-India services can be created only by

a) the President on the advice of the council of Ministers
b) the Parliament
c) amendment of the Constitution
d) new services cannot be created

18. Under our Constitution Residuary Powers are vested in

a) the President
b) the Union
c) State legislatures
d) Both the Union and State Legislatures

19. The vesting of residuary powers under our constitution in the Union follows the precedent of which constitution?

a) Canadian Constitution
b) Irish Constitution
c) US Constitution
d) British Constitution

20. Which Constitutional authority is responsible for constituting the Finance Commission periodically?

a) Chairman of Rajya Sabha
b) Prime Minister
c) President of India
d) Speaker of Lok Sabha

21. For a period of how many years is the Finance Commission normally constituted?

a) four years
b) five years
c) six years
d) three years

22. To whom does the Public Accounts Committee submit its report?

a) Prime Minister
b) President
c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
d) Vice President

23. Under our Constitution the sovereign power rests with which of the following?

a) Judiciary
b) President
c) People
d) Parliament

24. Which amendment to the Constitution made it necessary on the part of the President to accept the advice given by the Council of Ministers?

a) 24th amendment
b) 25th amendment
c) 41st amendment
d) 42nd amendment

25. From which constitution did we borrow the concept of our Federation?

a) Canadian Constitution
b) Australian Constitution
c) Irish Constitution
d) German Constitution

Answers

1. 25 years
2. 7th amendment
3. Jammu and Kashmir
4. Advocate General
5. 52nd Amendment
6. Article 24
7. President
8. President
9. 5 years
10. 50 members
11. 2
12. 250 members
13. 6 years
14. Chief Justice of India
15. Chief Justice of India
16. VII schedule
17. the Parliament
18. the Union
19. Canadian Constitution
20. President of India
21. five years
22. Speaker of Lok Sabha
23. Parliament
24. 42nd amendment
25. Canadian Constitution

1. The vesting of Residuary Powers under our constitution in the Union follows the precedent of which Constitution?

a) Canadian constitution
b) Irish constitution
c) US constitution
d) British constitution

2. Which constitutional authority is responsible for constituting the Finance Commission periodically?

a) Chairman of Rajya Sabha
b) Prime Minister
c) President of India
d) Speaker of Lok Sabha

3. For a period of how many years is the Finance Commission normally constituted?

a) four years
b) five years
c) six years
d) three years

4. To whom does the Public Accounts Committee submit its report?

a) Prime Minister
b) President
c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
d) Vice President

5. Under our constitution, the sovereign power rests with which of the following?

a) judiciary
b) president
c) people
d) parliament

6. Which amendment to the constitution made it mandatory on the part of the President to accept the advice given by the council of ministers?

a) 24th amendment
b) 25th amendment
c) 41st amendment
d) 42nd amendment

7. From which constitution did we borrow the concept of our Federation?

a) Canadian constitution
b) Australian constitution
c) Irish constitution
d) German constitution

8. Which of the following is the competent authority to amend the constitution?

a) parliament
b) state legislatures
c) president
d) chairman of the Rajya Sabha

9. Which articles of our constitution deals with the cultural and educational rights?

a) 30 and 31
b) 29 and 30
c) 31 and 32
d) 32 and 33

10. To whom should a notice in writing be given for raising a half an hour discussion in a House of Parliament?

a) Presiding officer of the house
b) Secretary general of the house
c) Secretary of department of parliamentary affairs
d) Ministers concerned

11. Who was the last Viceroy of India?

a) Lord Mountbatten
b) Lord Canning
c) Lord Ripon
d) Lord Hardinge

12. Who was the first President of the Republic of India?

a) Dr Rajendra Prasad
b) C Rajagopalachari
c) Lord Mountbatten
d) Zakir Hussain

13. Who was the first Muslim President of independent India?

a) Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad
b) APJ Abdul Kalam
c) Dr Zakir Hussain
d) None of these

14. Who among the following British Prime Ministers issued the infamous ‘communal award’ which prescribed separate electorates to different communities?

a) Ramsay MacDonald
b) Clement Atley
c) Winston Churchill
d) Neville Chamberlain

15. Which of the following is not a language included in the eighth schedule of the constitution?

a) English
b) Konkani
c) Sindhi
d) Kashmiri

16. A candidate seeking election to a state legislative assembly must have completed what age?

a) 30 years
b) 25 years
c) 21 years
d) 20 years

17. Which of the following is not a post mentioned in the Constitution of India?

a) The Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha
b) The Deputy Prime Minister
c) The Deputy speaker of the state legislative assemblies
d) The Deputy chairman of the Rajya Sabha

18. Who among the following can propose the name of a candidate for the office of President of India?

a) any five citizens of India
b) any five members of parliament
c) any one member of the electoral college
d) any ten members of the electoral college

19. Which of the following tax is levied and collected by the union but wholly assigned to the states?

a) taxes on railway fares and freights
b) stamp duties
c) sales tax
d) custom duties

20. Who appoints the Attorney General of India?

a) Chief Justice of India
b) Union Law Minister
c) Prime Minister
d) President

21. Who among the following presidents of India held the office for two successive terms?

a) VV Giri
b) Dr S Radhakrishnan
c) Dr Zakir Hussain
d) Dr Rajendra Prasad

22. The Fundamental Duties were added to the constitution for the first time in

a) 1974
b) 1975
c) 1976
d) 1977

23. Of which type is the Indian Constitution?

a) Federal
b) Unitary
c) Parliamentary
d) Federal in form and Unitary in spirit

24. Into how many parts has the Indian Constitution been divided?

a) 7
b) 11
c) 21
d) 22

25. What is the maximum number of nominated members in the two Houses of Parliament?

a) 10
b) 12
c) 14
d) 20

Answers

1. Canadian constitution
2. President of India
3. five years
4. Speaker of Lok Sabha
5. parliament
6. 42nd amendment
7. Canadian constitution
8. parliament
9. 29 and 30
10. Secretary general of the house
11. Lord Mountbatten
12. Dr Rajendra Prasad
13. Dr Zakir Hussain
14. Ramsay MacDonald
15. English
16. 25 years
17. The Deputy Prime Minister
18. any ten members of the electoral college
19. taxes on railway fares and freights
20. President
21. Dr Rajendra Prasad
22. 1976
23. Federal in form and Unitary in spirit
24. 22
25. 14

INDIAN POLITY OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. Indian Republic is not the product of—
(A) Political Revolution
(B) Discussion
(C) Made by a body of eminent representatives of the people
(D) All the above

2. For the first time, British Parliament enacted which laws for the British Government to govern in India—
(A) Govt. of India Act 1857
(B) Govt. of India Act 1858
(C) Govt. of India Act 1891
(D) Govt. of India Act 1888

3. The British Secretary of the State governed India through which Institution—
(A) Executive Council
(B) Parliament
(C) Governor assisted by an Executive Council
(D) Governor General appointed by an Executive Council

4. Under the British Rule in India, Governor General was responsible to—
(A) Secretary of India
(B) Secretary of Britain
(C) Secretary of State
(D) None of the above

5. Morely-Minto reform is associated with which Act—
(A) Indian Council Act 1856
(B) Indian Council Act 1909
(C) Indian Council Act 1908
(D) Indian Council Act 1912

6. During the British rule, which community got separate representation from which Act—
(A) Christian Community & Indian Council Act 1909
(B) Buddhist Community & Indian Council Act 1907
(C) Muslim Community & Indian Council Act 1909
(D) All the above

7. During the British period, under which Act election was introduced in India—
(A) Indian Council Act 1913
(B) Indian Council Act 1909
(C) Indian Council Act 1906
(D) Indian Council Act 1907

8. Montagu-Chelmsford report is associated with which Govt of India Act—
(A) Govt. of India Act 1918
(B) Govt. of India Act 1920
(C) Govt. of India Act 1930
(D) Govt. of India Act 1919

9. When was the Indian National Congress established—
(A) 1888
(B) 1885
(C) 1889
(D) 1890

10. Under the British Rule when ‘Dyarchy Governing System’ was introduced for the first time—
(A) Govt. of India Act 1919
(B) Govt. of India Act 1929
(C) Govt. of India Act 1925
(D) Govt. of India Act 1935

11. Under the Govt. of India Act 1935, which communities were provided separate representation in the Electorate system—
(A) Sikh, Europeans
(B) Indian Christians
(C) Anglo-Indians
(D) All the above

12. Under which Government of India Act, Federation and Provincial Autonomy were introduced in India—
(A) Govt. of India Act 1935
(B) Govt. of India Act 1930
(C) Govt. of India Act 1940
(D) Govt. of India Act 1936

13. Under the British rule, how many acts came into operation—
(A) Govt. of India Act 1858, Indian Council Act 1861
(B) Indian Council Act 1892, Indian Council Act 1809
(C) Govt. of India Act 1919, Govt. of India Act 1935, Indian Independence Act 1947
(D) All the above

14. Which Act provided India to become an Independent state—
(A) Indian Independence Act 1949
(B) Indian Independence Act 1946
(C) Indian Independence Act 1947
(D) None of the above

15. Under the Govt. of India Act 1935, the Indian Federation worked through which kind of list—
(A) Federal List
(B) Provincial List
(C) Concurrent List
(D) All the above

16. In the Govt. of India Act 1835, Federal List contained which kind of subjects—
(A) External Affairs
(B) Currency and Coinage
(C) Naval, Military and Force, Census
(D) All the above

17. In the Govt. of India Act 1935, provincial list included which kind of subjects—
(A) Police
(B) Provincial Public Service
(C) Education
(D) All the above

18. In the Govt. of India Act 1935, which subjects are included in the concurrent list—
(A) Criminal Law & Procedure, Civil Procedure
(B) Marriage
(C) Divorce, Arbitration
(D) All the above

19. Under the Govt. of India Act 1935, who had the power to proclaim emergency—
(A) Governor General
(B) General of India
(C) Governor of the State
(D) None of the above

20. In the Govt. of India Act 1935, who was authorised to make a law on the Provincial subject—
(A) Governor
(B) Governor General
(C) Federal Legislature
(D) None of the above

21. Which Constitution is in the written form for the first time by an elected body during the Modern period—
(A) India
(B) America
(C) Britain
(D) France

22. Who was the de facto Prime Minister at the time of evolution of the Indian Constituent Assembly—
(A) Moti Lal Nehru
(B) Sardar Ballabh Bhai Patal
(C) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(D) H. N. Kunzru

23. Who boicotted the Indian Constituent Assembly—
(A) Unionist Muslim
(B) Muslim League
(C) Unionist Scheduled Caste
(D) Krishak Poja

24. In the Constituent Assembly, which parties were members—
(A) Congress, Muslim League, Unionist Muslim
(B) Unionist Scheduled Caste, Krishak Poja, Scheduled Castes Federation, Sikh (Non Congress)
(C) Communists, Independents
(D) All the above

25. Which party said that Indian Constituent Assembly does not have a fully representative character—
(A) Congress
(B) Muslim League
(C) Unionist Muslim
(D) Unionist Scheduled Castes

26. After independence, who decided to determine the Future Constitution of India—
(A) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(B) Sardar Ballabh Bhai Patel
(C) Constituent Assembly
(D) None of the above

27. Whom the Indian Constituent Assembly represented—
(A) Fully representative of the Hindus
(B) Fully representative of the State in India
(C) Fully representative of the Provinces in India
(D) Fully representative of the States and Provinces in India

28. Through which offer, the British Government authoritatively supported a Constituent Assembly for making the Indian Constitution
(A) August offer
(B) Viceroy offer
(C) Sir Strafford Cripps offer
(D) None of the above

29. Who supported the views of the Constituent Assembly for making the Indian Constitution—
(A) Sardar Patel
(B) Gandhiji
(C) Jinnah
(D) None of the above

30. Gandhiji wrote which article in the Harijan of 19th November 1939 to support the formation of Constituent Assembly for making the Constitution of India—
(A) The need of Constitution
(B) Formation of Constituent Assembly
(C) The only way
(D) The way

31. Which Party supported formation of a Constituent Assembly—
(A) Congress
(B) Muslim League
(C) Unionist Muslim
(D) Unionist Scheduled Castes

32. When did Constituent Assembly adopt a national Flag—
(A) 22nd Aug. 1947
(B) 22nd July 1947
(C) 22nd Jan. 1947
(D) 22nd Oct. 1947

33. Did the Constituent Assembly exist at the time of Indian Independence—
(A) No
(B) Only idea emerged
(C) Yes
(D) Uncertainty regarding formation of said Assembly

34. Who was the last British Governor General who addressed the Constituent Assembly—
(A) Lord Attlee
(B) Lord Mount Batten
(C) Lord Bentick
(D) None of the above

35. When did the Constituent Assembly passed a resolution for translation of the Constitution of India into Hindi and other many languages of India—
(A) 17th Sep. 1949
(B) 17th Oct. 1949
(C) 17th Nov. 1949
(D) 17th Dec. 1949

36. What was the last session of the Constituent Assembly—
(A) Eleventh session
(B) Twelfth session
(C) Sixteenth session
(D) Seventh session

37. When was the last Twelfth session of the Constituent Assembly held—
(A) 24th Jan. 1950
(B) 24th Feb. 1950
(C) 24th April 1950
(D) 24th Dec. 1950

38. How many copies of the Constitution were printed after the Constituent Assembly framed the same—
(A) Two
(B) One
(C) Three
(D) Four

39. Which song was sang in the Constituent Assembly before its Adjournment sine die—
(A) Jana Gana Man
(B) Vande Matram
(C) A & B
(D) None of the above

40. For how many years, months and days, did the Constituent Assembly work on the Constitution of India—
(A) 2 Years, 11 months and 19 Days
(B) 3 Years, 12 months and 16 Days
(C) 4 Years, 18 months and 6 Days
(D) None of the above

41. How many number of sessions were held in the Constituent Assembly—
(A) Twenty sessions
(B) Twelve sessions
(C) Twenty-five sessions
(D) Twenty-eight sessions

42. How many Articles and Schedules were in the First Draft Constitution presented by the Drafting Committee to the Constituent Assembly—
(A) 318 Articles and 7 Schedules
(B) 319 Articles ad 10 Schedules
(C) 315 Articles and 8 Schedules
(D) 399 Articles and 5 Schedules

43. In the final form of the Constitution adopted by the Constituent Assembly, how many Articles and Schedules were there—
(A) 397 Articles and 9 Schedules
(B) 395 Articles and 4 Schedules
(C) 396 Articles and 7 Schedules
(D) 395 Articles and 8 Schedules

44. In the Constituent Assembly how many total number of Amendments were proposed in the Draft Constitution—
(A) Approx. 7935
(B) Approx. 7892
(C) Approx. 7365
(D) Approx. 2473

45. What was the expenditure made by the Constituent Assembly while framing the Constitution of India—
(A) Rs. 63,96,729
(B) Rs. 64,98,725
(C) Rs. 69,92,769
(D) Rs. 65,92,926

46. How many visitors came to witness the proceedings of the Constituent Assembly—
(A) 52,500
(B) 53,000
(C) 54,000
(D) 54,500

47. Who presented the Objective Resolution in the Constituent Assembly—
(A) Jawaharlal Nehru
(B) Motilal Nehru
(C) Sardar Ballabah Bhai Patel
(D) None of the above

48. When was the First Draft of the Constitution of India proposed—
(A) Oct. 1945
(B) Oct. 1947
(C) Oct. 1946
(D) Oct. 1948

49. Who prepared the first draft Constitution of India—
(A) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(B) Gandhiji
(C) Advisory Branch of the Constituent Assembly
(D) Sardar Ballabh Bhai Patel

50. Who was the Chairman of the Draft Committee of the Constituent Assembly—
(A) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
(B) K. M. Munshi
(C) Jagjivan Ram
(D) None of the above
____________________________________________________________________________

Answers :1.(A) 2.(B) 3.(D) 4.(C) 5.(B) 6.(C) 7.(B) 8.(D) 9.(B) 10.(A)
11.(D) 12.(A) 13.(D) 14.(C) 15.(D) 16.(D) 17.(D) 18.(D) 19.(A) 20.(C)
21.(B) 22.(C) 23.(B) 24.(D) 25.(B) 26.(C) 27.(D) 28.(A) 29.(B) 30.(C)
31.(A) 32.(B) 33.(C) 34.(B) 35.(A) 36.(B) 37.(A) 38.(C) 39.(C) 40.(A)
41.(B) 42.(C) 43.(D) 44.(C) 45.(A) 46.(B) 47.(A) 48.(B) 49.(C) 50.(A)

Indian Constitution

Introduction to Indian Constitution
The Constitution of India is the world's lengthiest written constitution with 395 articles and 8 schedules. It contains the good points taken from the constitution's of many countries in the world. It was passed on 26 Nov 1949 by the 'The Constituent Assembly' and is fully applicable since 26 Jan 1950. The Constituent Assembly had been elected for undivided India and held its first sitting on 9th Dec.1946, re-assembled on the 14th August 1947, as The Sovereign Constituent Assembly for the dominion of India. In regard to its composition the members were elected by indirect election by the members of The Provisional Legislative Assemblies (lower house only). At the time of signing 284 out of 299 members of the Assembly were present. The constitution of India draws extensively from Western legal traditions in its outline of the principles of liberal democracy. It follows a British parliamentary pattern with a lower and upper house. It embodies some Fundamental Rights which are similar to the Bill of Rights declared by the United States constitution. It also borrows the concept of a Supreme Court from the US. India is a federal system in which residual powers of legislation remain with the central government, similar to that in Canada. The constitution provides detailed lists dividing up powers between central and state governments as in Australia, and it elaborates a set of Directive Principles of State Policy as does the Irish constitution. The constitution has provision for Schedules to be added to the constitution by amendment. The ten schedules in force cover the designations of the states and union territories; the emoluments for high-level officials; forms of oaths; allocation of the number of seats in the Rajya Sabha. A review of the constitution needs at least two-thirds of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha to pass it. The Indian constitution is one of the most frequently amended constitutions in the world. Infact the first amendment to it was passed after only a year of the adoption of the constitution and instituted numerous minor changes. Many more amendments followed, a rate of almost two amendments per year since 1950. Most of the constitution can be amended after a quorum of more than half of the members of each house in Parliament passes an amendment with a two-thirds majority vote. Articles pertaining to the distribution of legislative authority between the central and state governments must also be approved by 50 percent of the state legislatures.
Preamble of The Constitution
We, The people of India, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity and to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do hereby Adopt, Enact and give ourselves this Constitution.
The Union and Its Territory
Article 1: Name and territory of the Union India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States. The States and the territories thereof shall be as specified in the First Schedule. The territory of India shall comprise: The territories of the States The Union territories specified in the First Schedule; and such other territories as may be acquired. Article 2: Admission or establishment of new States Parliament may by law admit into the Union, or establish, new States on such terms and conditions as it thinks fit. Article 3: Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States Parliament may by law: Form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State Increase the area of any State Diminish the area of any State Alter the boundaries of any State Alter the name of any State [Provided that no Bill for the purpose shall be introduced in either House of Parliament except on the recommendation of the President and unless, where the proposal contained in the Bill affects the area, boundaries or name of any of the States, the Bill has been referred by the President to the Legislature of that State for expressing its views thereon within such period as may be specified in the reference or within such further period as the President may allow and the period so specified or allowed has expired.] Article 4: Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters Any law referred to in article 2 or article 3 shall contain such provisions for the amendment of the First Schedule and the Fourth Schedule as may be necessary to give effect to the provisions of the law and may also contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to representation in Parliament and in the Legislature or Legislatures of the State or States affected by such law) as Parliament may deem necessary. No such law as aforesaid shall be deemed to be an amendment of this Constitution for the purposes of article 368.
Citizenship
Article 5: Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution At the commencement of this Constitution, every person who has his domicile in the territory of India and Who was born in the territory of India; or Either of whose parents was born in the territory of India; or Who has been ordinarily resident in the territory of India for not less than five years immediately preceding such commencement, shall be a citizen of India. Article 6: Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan Notwithstanding anything in article 5, a person who has migrated to the territory of India from the territory now included in Pakistan shall be deemed to be a citizen of India at the commencement of this Constitution if: He or either of his parents or any of his grand-parents was born in India as defined in the Government of India Act, 1935 (as originally enacted); and In the case where such person has so migrated before the nineteenth day of July, 1948, he has been ordinarily resident in the territory of India since the date of his migration, or In the case where such person has so migrated on or after the nineteenth day of July, 1948, he has been registered as a citizen of India by an officer appointed in that behalf by the Government of the Dominion of India on an application made by him therefor to such officer before the commencement of this Constitution in the form and manner prescribed by that Government: Provided that no person shall be so registered unless he has been resident in the territory of India for at least six months immediately preceding the date of his application. Article 8: Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan: Notwithstanding anything in articles 5 and 6, a person who has after the first day of March, 1947, migrated from the territory of India to the territory now included in Pakistan shall not be deemed to be a citizen of India: Provided that nothing in this article shall apply to a person who, after having so migrated to the territory now included in Pakistan, has returned to the territory of India under a permit for resettlement or permanent return issued by or under the authority of any law and every such person shall for the purposes of clause (b) of article 6 be deemed to have migrated to the territory of India after the nineteenth day of July, 1948. Article 8: Rights of citizenship of certain persons of Indian origin residing outside India Notwithstanding anything in article 5, any person who or either of whose parents or any of whose grand-parents was born in India as defined in the Government of India Act, 1935 (as originally enacted), and who is ordinarily residing in any country outside India as so defined shall be deemed to be a citizen of India if he has been registered as a citizen of India by the diplomatic or consular representative of India in the country where he is for the time being residing on an application made by him therefor to such diplomatic or consular representative, whether before or after the commencement of this Constitution, in the form and manner prescribed by the Government of the Dominion of India or the Government of India. Article 9: Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign State not to be citizens No person shall be a citizen of India by virtue of article 5, or be deemed to be a citizen of India by virtue of article 6 or article 8, if he has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of any foreign State. Article 10: Continuance of the rights of citizenship Every person who is or is deemed to be a citizen of India under any of the foregoing provisions of this Part shall, subject to the provisions of any law that may be made by Parliament, continue to be such citizen. Article 11: Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law Nothing in the foregoing provisions of this Part shall derogate from the power of Parliament to make any provision with respect to the acquisition and termination of citizenship and all other matters relating to citizenship.

Government of India- Table of Precedence

1. President of India
2. Vice President of India
3. Prime Minister of India
4. Governors of States within their respective States
5. Former Presidents
   5a. Deputy Prime Minister
6. Chief Justice of India; Speaker of Lok Sabha
7. Cabinet Ministers of the Union; Chief Ministers of States within their respective States; Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission; Former Prime Ministers; Leaders of Opposition in Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha
   7a. Holders of Bharat Ratna decoration
8. Ambassadors Extraordinary & Plenipotentiary and High Commissioners of Commonwealth countries accredited to India; Governors of States outside their respective States; Chief Ministers of States outside their respective States
9. Judges of the Supreme Court
   9a. Chief Election Commissioner; Comptroller & Auditor General
10. Deputy Chairman, Rajya Sabha; Deputy Chief Ministers of States; Deputy Speaker, Lok Sabha, Members of Planning Commission; Members of State of the Union and any other Ministers in the Ministry of Defence for Defence Matters
11. Attorney General of India; Cabinet Secretary; Lt Governors within their respective Union Territories
12. Chiefs of Staff holding the rank of full General or equivalent rank
13. Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary accredited to India
14. Chairmen and Speakers of State Legislatures within their respective States; Chief Justices of High Courts outside their respective jurisdictions
15. Cabinet Ministers in States within their respective States; Chief Ministers of Union Territories; Deputy Ministers of the Union
16. Officiating Chiefs of Staff holding the rank of Lt General or equivalent rank
17. Chairman, Central Administrative Tribunal; Chairman, Minorities Commission; Chairman, SC & ST Commission; Chairman, UPSC; Chief Justices of High Courts outside their respective jurisdictions; Puisne Judges of High Courts within their respective jurisdictions
18. Cabinet Ministers of States outside their respective States; Chairmen and Speakers of State Legislatures outside their respective States; Chairman MRTP Commission; Deputy Chairmen and Deputy Speakers of State Legislatures within their respective States; Ministers of Union Territories within their respective Union Territories; Speakers of Legislative Assemblies of Union Territories within their respective Union Territories
19. Chief Commissioners of Union Territories not having Councils of Ministers, within their respective Union Territories; Deputy Ministers of States within their respective States; Deputy Speakers of Legislative Assemblies of Union Territories within their respective Union Territories
20. Deputy Chairmen and Speakers of State Legislatures outside their respective States; Ministers of State in States outside their respective States; Puisne Judges of High Courts outside their respective jurisdictions
21. Members of Parliament
22. Deputy Ministers of States outside their respective States
23. Army Commanders/Vice Chief of the Army Staff or equivalent in other services; Chief Secretaries to State Governments within their respective States; Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities; Commissioner for SC and ST; Members, Minorities Commission; Members, SC and ST Commission; Officers of the rank of full General or equivalent rank; Secretaries to the Government of India (including officers holding this rank ex-officio); Secretary, Minorities Commission; Secretary, SC and ST Commission; Secretary to President; Secretary to Prime Minister; Secretary Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha; Solicitor General; Vice-Chairman, CAT
24. Officers of the rank of Lt General or equivalent rank
25. Additional Secretaries to the Government of India; Additional Solicitor General; Advocate Generals of States; Chairman, Tariff Commission; Commissioners a pied and interim Chief Ministers of Union Territories outside their respective Union Territories; Chief Secretaries to State Governments outside their respective States; Deputy Comptroller and Auditor General; Speakers of Legislative Assemblies of Union Territories and Chairman, Delhi Metropolitan Council outside their respective Union Territories; Deputy Speakers of Legislative Assemblies of Union Territories outside their respective Union Territories; Director, CBI; Director General, BSF; Director General, CRPF; Director, Intelligence Bureau; Lt Governors of Union Territories outside their respective Union Territories; Members, CAT; Members MRTP Commission; Members, UPSC; Ministers of Union Territories outside their respective Union Territories; Principal Staff Officers of the Armed Forces and officers of the rank of Major General or equivalent rank
26. Joint Secretaries to the Government of India and officers of equivalent rank; Officers of the rank of Major General or equivalent rank