Country | Agency | |
---|---|---|
United States | NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) | |
ESA (European Space Agency) | ||
France | CNES (French Space Agency) | |
Japan | JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) | |
Russia | ROSCOSMOS (Russian Federal Space Agency) | |
Germany | DLR (German Aerospace Center) | |
China | CNSA (China National Space Administration) | |
India | ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) | |
Italy | ASI (Italian Space Agency) | |
Iran | ISA (Iranian Space Agency) | |
United Kingdom | UKSA (UK Space Agency) | |
Brazil | AEB (Brazilian Space Agency) | |
Canada | CSA (Canadian Space Agency) | |
South Korea | KARI (Korea Aerospace Research Institute) | |
Ukraine | NSAU (National Space Agency of Ukraine) | |
Belgium | BISA (Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy) | |
Spain | INTA (Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial) | |
Sweden | SNSB (Swedish National Space Board) | |
Argentina | CONAE (Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales) | |
Pakistan | SUPARCO (Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission) | |
Netherlands | SRON (Netherlands Institute for Space Research) | |
Switzerland | SSO (Swiss Space Office) | |
Mexico | AEXA (Mexican Space Agency) | |
Monday, January 31, 2011
List of space agencies
National Institutes of India
All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS)
Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany
Bose Institute, Calcutta
Central Coir Research Institute
Central Electronic Enginering Research Institute
Central Food Technological Research Institute
Central Institute for Cotton Research
Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering
Central Institute of Brackish Water Aquaculture
Central Institute of Educational Technology
Central Institute of Fisheries Education
Central Institute of Fisheries, Nautical and Engineering Training (CIFNET}
Central Institute of Fresh Water Aquaculture
Central Institute of Indian Languages
Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology
Central Institute of Psychiatry
Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Central Institute of Road Transport (CIRT)
Central Leather Research Institute
Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture
Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres
Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute
Central Soil Salinity Research Institute
Centre for Cultural Resources and Training (CCRT)
Centre for Development Studies
Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences
College of Defence Management
Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Productivity
Foreign Service Institute
Gandhigram Rural Institute
Harcourt Butler Technological Institute
Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI)
Indian Diamond Institute
Indian Institute of Astrophysics
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB)
Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
Indian Institute of Ecology and Environment
Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship
Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT)
Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM)
Indian Institute of Forestry Research and Education
Indian Institute of Horticulture Research (IIBR)
Indian Institute of Hotel Management, Goa
Indian Institute of Information Technology & Management, Gwalior
Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT), Bangalore
Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad (IIITA)
Indian Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad
Indian Institute of Management, Ahamedabad
Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore (IIMB)
Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta (IIMC)
Indian Institute of Management, Indore
Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode (IIMK)
Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow
Indian Institute of Mass Communication (IIMC)
Indian Institute of Packaging
Indian Institute of Petroleum
Indian Institute of Plantation Management, Bangalore
Indian Institute of Pulses Research
Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS)
Indian Institute of Social Welfare and Business Management
Indian Institute of Soil Sciences (M. P.)
Indian Institute of Space Technology
Indian Institute of Spices Research
Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management,Gwalior (IITTM)
Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology
Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (IIVR)
Indian Lac Research Institute
Indian Plywood Industries Research and Training Institute
International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS)
Indian Railways Institute of Electrical Engineering (IRIEEN)
Indian School of Mines
Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore
Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta
Indian Statistical Institute, Delhi
Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research
Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology (IDRBT)
Institute for Studies in Industrial Development
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India CA Results
Institute of Cost And Works Accountants of India
Institute of Defence Studies and Analyses
Institute of Economic Growth
Institute of Food Security
Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB)
Institute of Hotel Management, Catering Technology and Applied Nutrition, Mumbai
Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (IHBT)
Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences (IHBAS)
Institute of Mathematical Sciences
Institute of Microbial Technology
Institute of Physics (IOP)
Institute of Rural Management, Anand, Gujarat
Institute of Rural Technology, Gujarat
Institute of Secretarial Training and Management
Institute for Studies in Industrial Development
International Institute for Population Sciences
Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER)
Kendriya Hindi Sansthan
Lakshmibai National Institute of Physical Education (LNIPE)
L.R.S. Institute of Tuberculosis & Respiratory Diseases
Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga
National Academy of Agricultural Research Management
National Academy of Agricultural Sciences
National Academy of Construction
National Academy of Customs, Excise and Narcotics (NACEN)
National Academy of Direct Taxes
National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI)
National Civil Defence College
National Coir Research and Management Institute
National Council of Rural Institutes
National Dairy Research Institute
National Defence College of India
National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI)
National Fire Service College
National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management
National Institute of Agriculture Marketing
National Institute of Construction Management and Research
National Institute of Design
National Institute of Disaster Management
National Institute of Education and Research
National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration (on DPEP)
National Institute of Fashion Technology
National Institute Homeopathy
National Institute of Hydrology, Belgaum
National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee
National Institute of Immunology (NII)
National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE)
Indian Institute of Information Tehnology, Allahabad
ndian Institute of Information Technology and Management
National Institute of Mental Health & NeuroSciences (NIMHANS)
National Institute of Oceanography (NIO)
National Institute of Ocean Technology
National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS)
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development
National Institute of Rehabilitation Training And Research
National Institute of Rural Development
National Institute of Science Communication (NISCOM)
National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources
National Institute of Science Education and Research
National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies
National Institute of Small Industries Extension Training
National Institute of Social Defence
National Institute of Technology, Calicut
National Institute of Technology, Durgapur
National Institute of Technology, Karnataka
National Institute of Training and Industrial Engineering
National Institute of Urban Affairs
National Institute of Water Sports, Goa
National Museum Institute, New Delhi 110011
National Power Training Institute
National Tuberculosis Institute
Netaji Subhas National Institute of Sports (NSNIS), Patiala
North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences
Rajiv Gandhi National institute of Youth Development
Regional Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur
Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow
Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences
Small Industry Extension Training (SIET) Institute
Sree Krishna Institute of Public Administration
State Institute of Public Administration and Rural Development
Sugarcane Breeding Institute
Tata Institute of Social Sciences
V. V. Giri National Labour Institute
Vivekananda Hill Agricultural Research Institute
Yeshwantrao Chavan Academy of Development Administration (YASHADA)
Research Institutions in India
Ahmedabad
Allahabad
Bangalore
- Central Power Research Institute
- Center for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling and Computer Simulation (CSIR)
- Indian Academy of Science
- Indian Institute of Management
- Indian Institute of Science
- Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
- ISRO Satellite Centre
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- National Aerospace Laboratories
- National Centre for Biological Sciences
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences
- Raman Research Institute
Barrackpore (W. B.)
Bhopal
Bhubaneswar
Calcutta
- Indian Institute of Management
- Indian Statistical Institute
- Inter University Consortium on DAE Facilities
- Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics
- S.N.Bose National Center for Basic Sciences
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Center
Chandigarh
Chennai (Madras)
- Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI- Karaikudi)
- Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences
- M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation
Delhi
- Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
- CSIR Human Resources Development Group
- Defence Research and Development Organisation
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
- Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Brain Research Centre
- National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources
- National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research
- Nuclear Science Centre
- Science and Engineering Research Council
- The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)
- Petroleum Conservation Research Association
Dehradun
Dirang (Arunachal Pradesh)
Durgapur
Eluru (A. P.)
Gadanki
Gandhi Nagar
Goa
Hyderabad
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
- Environment Protection Training and Research Institute
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru
- National Geophysical Research Institute
- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
Indore
Jammu
Jhansi (U. P)
Jodhpur (Rajasthan)
Kanpur
Kasaragod
Kharagpur
Kochi
Lucknow
- Central Drug Research Institute
- Indian Council of Philosophy Research
- Indian Institute of Management
- Industrial Toxicology Research Centre
- National Botanical Research Institute
- National Research Laboratory for Conservation of Cultural Property
Mathura
Mumbai (Bombay)
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Centre for Monitoring the Indian Economy
- Indian Institute of Geomagnetism
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research
- National Centre for Software Technology
- Society for Applied Microwave Electronic Engineering and Research
- Tata Insitute of Fundamental Research
Palakkad
Palampur (H.P.)
Peechi
Pilani
Puttur (Karnataka)
- National Research Centre on Cashew
Pune
- Agharkar Research Institute
- Bioinformatics Distributed Information Centre
- Centre for Development of Advanced Computing
- Inter-University Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics
- National Chemical Laboratory
Roorkie (U. P.)
Trivandrum (Thiruvananthapuram)
- Centre for Development Studies
- Centre for Earth Science Studies
- Electronic Research and Development Centre
- National Transportation Planning and Research Centre
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology
- Regional Research Laboratory (CSIR), Trivandrum
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology
Varanasi (U. P.)
INSTITUTIONS AND CENTRES UNDER ICAR
Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodpur, Rajasthan
Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh
Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, West Bengal
Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra
Central Institute for Arid Horticulture, Bikaner, Rajasthan
Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture,Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Orissa
Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, Maharashtra
Central Institute of Post Harvest Engineering & Technology, Ludhiana, Punjab
Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, Kerala
Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod, Kerala.
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute Avikanagar, Rajasthan
Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Delhi
ICAR Research Complex for Goa, Ela Old, Goa
Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, Karnataka
Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh
Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut, Kerala
Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
Indian Institute of Natural Resins & Gums, Namkum, Ranchi
National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh
Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
Bureaus
National Bureau of Ariimar Genetic Resources, Kamal, Haryana.
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi.
National Research Centres
National Centre for Agril Economics & Policy Research, New Delhi
National Research Centre for Banana, Thiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu
National Research Centre for Cashew, Puttur. Karnataka
National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner, Rajasthan
National Research Centre for Coldwater Fisheries, Bhimtal, Uttaranchal
National Research Centre on Equines, Hissar, Haryana
National Research Centre for Grapes, solapur, Maharashtra
National Research Centre for Groundnut, Junagadh, Gujarat
National Research Centre for Integrated Pest Management, New Delhi
National Research Centre for Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Boriavi, Gujarat
National Research Centre for Mushroom, Solan, Himachal Pradesh
National Research Centre for Oilpalm, Pedavegi, Andhra Pradesh
National Research Centre for Orchids, Pakyang, Sikkim
National Research Centre for Weed Science, Madhya Pradesh
Thursday, January 27, 2011
Indian National Symbols
National Flag:
The National Flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesaria) at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion. The ratio of width of the flag to its length is two to three. In the centre of the white band is a navy-blue wheel which represents the chakra. Its design is that of the wheel which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka. Its diameter approximates to the width of the white band and it has 24 spokes. The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 22 July 1947.
Apart from non-statutory instructions issued by the Government from time to time, display of the National Flag is governed by the provisions of the Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950 (No. 12 of 1950) and the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 (No. 69 of 1971). The Flag Code of India, 2002 is an attempt to bring together all such laws, conventions, practices and instructions for the guidance and benefit of all concerned.
The Flag Code of India, 2002, took effect from 26 January 2002 and superseded the 'Flag Code-Indias' as it existed. As per the provisions of the Flag Code of India, 2002, there are no restriction on the display of the National Flag by members of general public, private organisations, educational institutions, etc., except to the extent provided in the Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950 and the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 and any other law enacted on the subject.
State Emblem
The state emblem is an adaptation from the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka. In the original, there are four lions, standing back to back, mounted on an abacus with a frieze carrying sculptures in high relief of an elephant, a galloping horse, a bull and a lion separated by intervening wheels over a bell-shaped lotus. Carved out of a single block of polished sandstone, the Capital is crowned by the Wheel of the Law (Dharma Chakra).In the state emblem, adopted by the Government of India on 26 January 1950, only three lions are visible, the fourth being hidden from view. The wheel appears in relief in the centre of the abacus with a bull on right and a horse on left and the outlines of other wheels on extreme right and left. The bell-shaped lotus has been omitted. The words Satyameva Jayate from Mundaka Upanishad, meaning 'Truth Alone Triumphs', are inscribed below the abacus in Devanagari script.
National Bird
The Indian peacock, Pavo cristatus, the national bird of India, is a colourful, swan-sized bird, with a fan-shaped crest of feathers, a white patch under the eye and a long, slender neck. The male of the species is more colourful than the female, with a glistening blue breast and neck and a spectacular bronze-green tail of around 200 elongated feathers. The female is brownish, slightly smaller than the male and lacks the tail. The elaborate courtship dance of the male, fanning out the tail and preening its feathers is a gorgeous sight.
National Flower:
Lotus (Nelumbo Nucipera Gaertn) is the National Flower of India. It is a sacred flower and occupies a unique position in the art and mythology of ancient India and has been an auspicious symbol of Indian culture since time immemorial.
India is rich in flora. Currently available data place India in the tenth position in the world and fourth in Asia in plant diversity. From about 70 per cent geographical area surveyed so far, 47,000 species of plants have been described by the Botanical Survey of India (BSI).
National Tree:
Indian fig tree, Ficus bengalensis, whose branches root themselves like new trees over a large area. The roots then give rise to more trunks and branches. Because of this characteristic and its longevity, this tree is considered immortal and is an integral part of the myths and legends of India. Even today, the banyan tree is the focal point of village life and the village council meets under the shade of this tree.
National River
The Ganga or Ganges is the longest river of India flowing over 2,510 kms of mountains, valleys and plains. It originates in the snowfields of the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas as the Bhagirathi River. It is later joined by other rivers such as the Alaknanda, Yamuna, Son, Gumti, Kosi and Ghagra. The Ganga river basin (External website that opens in a new window) is one of the most fertile and densely populated areas of the world and covers an area of 1,000,000 sq. kms. There are two dams on the river - one at Haridwar and the other at Farakka. The Ganges River Dolphin is an endangered animal that specifically habitats this river.The Ganga is revered by Hindus as the most sacred river on earth. Key religious ceremonies are held on the banks of the river at cities such as Varanasi, Haridwar and Allahabad. The Ganga widens out into the Ganges Delta in the Sunderbans swamp of Bangladesh, before it ends its journey by emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
National Animal
The magnificent tiger, Panthera tigris is a striped animal. It has a thick yellow coat of fur with dark stripes. The combination of grace, strength, agility and enormous power has earned the tiger its pride of place as the national animal of India. Out of eight races of the species known, the Indian race, the Royal Bengal Tiger, is found throughout the country except in the north-western region and also in the neighbouring countries, Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh. To check the dwindling population of tigers in India, 'Project Tiger' was launched in April 1973. So far, 27 tiger reserves have been established in the country under this project, covering an area of 37,761 sq km.
National Aquatic Animal
River Dolphin is the National Aquatic Animal of India. This mammal is also said to represent the purity of the holy Ganga as it can only survive in pure and fresh water. Platanista gangetica has a long pointed snout and also have visible teeth in both the upper and lower jaws. Their eyes lack a lens and therefore function solely as a means of detecting the direction of light. Dolphins tend to swim with one fin trailing along the substrate while rooting around with their beak to catch shrimp and fish. Dolphins have a fairly thick body with light grey-brown skin often with a hue of pink. The fins are large and the dorsal fin is triangular and undeveloped. This mammal has a forehead that rises steeply and has very small eyes. River Dolphins are solitary creatures and females tend to be larger than males. They are locally known as susu, because of the noise it makes while breathing. This species inhabits parts of the Ganges, Meghna and Brahmaputra rivers in India, Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh, and the Karnaphuli River in Bangladesh.River dolphin is a critically endangered species in India and therefore, has been included in the Schedule I for the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. The main reasons for decline in population of the species are poaching and habitat degradation due to declining flow, heavy siltation, construction of barrages causing physical barrier for this migratory species.
National Fruit
A fleshy fruit, eaten ripe or used green for pickles etc., of the tree Mangifera indica, the mango is one of the most important and widely cultivated fruits of the tropical world. Its juicy fruit is a rich source of Vitamins A, C and D. In India there are over 100 varieties of mangoes, in different sizes, shapes and colours. Mangoes have been cultivated in India from time immemorial. The poet Kalidasa sang its praises. Alexander savoured its taste, as did the Chinese pilgrim Hieun Tsang. Mughal emperor Akbar planted 100,000 mango trees in Darbhanga, Bihar at a place now known as Lakhi Bagh.
National Game
India has conquered the podium when it comes to the game of Hockey. Our nation has an excellent record with eight Olympic gold medals. Indian hockey's golden period was from 1928-56, when the Indian hockey team won six successive Olympic gold medals. Team also won the 1975 World Cup besides two more medals (silver and a bronze). The Indian Hockey Federation (External website that opens in a new window) gained global affiliation in 1927 and joined the International Hockey Federation (FIH) (External website that opens in a new window).
Thus began the history of Indian Hockey Federation as India entered the Olympics to begin its golden saga. The tour was a huge success with India winning 18 out of the 21 matches and the legendary Dhyan Chand was the cynosure of all the eyes scoring over 100 goals of the 192 Indian accounted for. The match began in Amsterdam in 1928 and India went on a winning spree in Los Angeles in 1932 and Berlin in 1936 and thus bagged a hat-trick of gold medals at the Olympics.
Post Indian Independence; the Indian team achieved another hat-trick of gold medals at the 1948 London Olympics, 1952 Helsinki Games and the Melbourne Olympics.
During the Golden Era, India played 24 Olympic matches, won all 24, scored 178 goals (at an average of 7.43 goals per match) and conceded only 7 goals. The two other gold medals for India came in the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1980 Moscow Olympics.
Currency Symbol:
The symbol of Indian Rupee typifies India's international identity for money transactions and economic strength. The Indian Rupee sign is an allegory of Indian ethos. The symbol is an amalgam of Devanagari "Ra" and the Roman Capital "R" with two parallel horizontal stripes running at the top representing the national flag and also the "equal to" sign. The Indian Rupee sign was adopted by the Government of India on 15th July, 2010.
The symbol, conceptualised and designed by Udaya Kumar, a post graduate in Design from Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, has been chosen from thousands of concept entries received by the Ministry of Finance through an open competition among resident Indian nationals. The process of establishing and implementing this new identity is underway through various digital technology and computer applications.
Recipients of Dadasaheb Phalke Award
The Dadasaheb Phalke Award is an annual award given by the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting for lifetime contribution to Indian cinema. It was instituted in 1969, the birth centenary year of Dadasaheb Phalke, considered the father of Indian cinema.
Following is the list of award winners:
Name of Awardee | Year | Occupation/Field |
D. Ramanaidu | 2009 | Producer |
V. K. Murthy | 2008 | Cinematographer |
Manna Dey | 2007 | Playback Singer |
Tapan Sinha | 2006 | Director |
Shyam Benegal | 2005 | Director |
Adoor Gopalakrishnan | 2004 | Director |
Mrinal Sen | 2003 | Director |
Dev Anand | 2002 | Actor, Director, Producer |
Yash Chopra | 2001 | Director, Producer |
Asha Bhosle | 2000 | Playback Singer |
Hrishikesh Mukherjee | 1999 | Director |
B.R. Chopra | 1998 | Director, Producer |
Pradeep | 1997 | Lyricist |
Sivaji Ganesan | 1996 | Actor |
Rajkumar | 1995 | Actor |
Dilip Kumar | 1994 | Actor |
Majrooh Sultanpuri | 1993 | Lyricist |
Bhupen Hazarika | 1992 | Director |
Bhalji Pendharkar | 1991 | Director, Producer, Screenwriter |
Akkineni Nageswara Rao | 1990 | Actor |
Lata Mangeshkar | 1989 | Playback Singer |
Ashok Kumar | 1988 | Actor |
Raj Kapoor | 1987 | Actor, Director |
B. Nagi Reddy | 1986 | Producer |
V. Shantaram | 1985 | Actor, Director, Producer |
Satyajit Ray | 1984 | Director |
Durga Khote | 1983 | Actress |
L. V. Prasad | 1982 | Actor, Director, Producer |
Naushad Ali | 1981 | Music Director |
Paidi Jairaj | 1980 | Actor, Director |
Sohrab Modi | 1979 | Actor, Director, Producer |
Rai Chand Boral | 1978 | Music Director, Director |
Nitin Bose | 1977 | Cinematographer, Director, Screenwriter |
Kanan Devi | 1976 | Actress |
Dhirendranath Ganguly | 1975 | Actor, Director |
Bomireddi Narasimha Reddy | 1974 | Director |
Ruby Myers (Sulochana) | 1973 | Actress |
Pankaj Mullick | 1972 | Music Director |
Prithviraj Kapoor | 1971 | Actor (Posthumous) |
B. N. Sircar | 1970 | Producer |
Devika Rani Chaudhuri Roerich | 1969 | Actress |
Recipients of Jnanpith Award
The Jnanpith Award is the highest literary award in India. It is presented by the Bharatiya Jnanpith, a trust founded by the Sahu Jain family, the publishers of The Times of India newspaper. The Jnanpith Award is given to any Indian writer for his or her outstanding contribution in any of the 18 languages mentioned in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution. It is given for outstanding contribution to creative writing in a specified period of 15 years but excluding the five years immediately preceding the year.
Following is the list of the Jnanpith Awardees, so far:
Laureates Awarded | Year | Language |
Akhlaq Khan Shahryar | 2008 | Urdu |
O. N. V. Kurup | 2007 | Malayalam |
Satyavrat Shastri | 2006 | Sanskrit |
Ravindra Kelekar | 2006 | Konkani |
Kunwar Narain | 2005 | Hindi |
Rahman Rahi | 2004 | Kashmiri |
Vinda Karandikar | 2003 | Marathi |
D. Jayakanthan | 2002 | Tamil |
Rajendra Shah | 2001 | Gujarati |
Indira Goswami | 2000 | Assamese |
Nirmal Verma | 1999 | Hindi |
Gurdial Singh | 1999 | Punjabi |
Girish Karnad | 1998 | Kannada |
Ali Sardar Jafri | 1997 | Urdu |
Mahasveta Devi | 1996 | Bangla |
M.T. Vasudevan Nair | 1995 | Malayalam |
U.R. Anantha Murthy | 1994 | Kannada |
Sitakant Mahapatra | 1993 | Oriya |
Naresh Mehta | 1992 | Hindi |
Subhash Mukhopadhyaya | 1991 | Bangla |
V.K. Gokak | 1990 | Kannada |
Qurratulain Hyder | 1989 | Urdu |
C. Narayana Reddy | 1988 | Telugu |
V.V.S. ‘Kusumagraj’ | 1987 | Marathi |
Satchidanand Rautroy | 1986 | Oriya |
Pannalal Patel | 1985 | Gujarati |
Thakazhi S. Pillai | 1984 | Malayalam |
Masti V. Iyengar | 1983 | Kannada |
Mahadevi Varma | 1982 | Hindi |
Amrita Pritam | 1981 | Punjabi |
S.K. Pottekkatt | 1980 | Malayalam, |
B.K. Bhattacharya | 1979 | Assamese |
S.H.V. Ajneya | 1978 | Hindi |
K.S. Karanth | 1977 | Kannada |
Ashapurna Devi | 1976 | Bangla |
P.V. Akilandam | 1975 | Tamil |
V.S. Khandekar | 1974 | Marathi |
D.R. Bendre | 1973 | Kannada, |
Gopinath Mohanty | 1973 | Oriya |
Ramdhari Singh `Dinkar’ | 1972 | Hindi |
Bishnu Dey | 1971 | Bangla |
V. Satyanarayana | 1970 | Telugu |
Firaq Gorakhpuri | 1969 | Urdu |
Sumitranandan Pant | 1968 | Hindi |
Uma Shankar Joshi | 1967 | Gujarati |
K.V. Puttappa | 1967 | Kannada |
T.S. Bandyopadhyaya | 1966 | Bangla |
G. Sankara Kurup | 1965 | Malayalam |
Name of Chief Guests at Republic Day of India
Chief Guests at Republic Day of India (26th January Parades): Since 1950, India has been hosting head of state or government of another country as the state guest of honour for Republic Day celebrations in New Delhi. Since 1955 parade is being presenting at Rajpath. The guest country is chosen after a deliberation of strategic, economic and political interests.
Following is the list of all Chief guest invited to attend Republic Day of India (26th January) since 1950 to 2011:
Year | Chief Guest Name | Country |
1950 | President Sukarno | Indonesia |
1951 | ||
1952 | ||
1953 | ||
1954 | King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck | Bhutan |
1955 | Governor General Malik Ghulam Muhammad (first guest for parade at Rajpath) | Pakistan |
1956 | ||
1957 | ||
1958 | Marshall Ye Jianying | People’s Republic of China |
1959 | ||
1960 | President Kliment Voroshilov | Soviet Union |
1961 | Queen Elizabeth II | United Kingdom |
1962 | ||
1963 | King Norodom Sihanouk | Cambodia |
1964 | ||
1965 | Food and Agriculture Minister Rana Abdul Hamid | Pakistan |
1966 | ||
1967 | ||
1968 | Prime Minister Alexei Kosygin and President Josip Broz Tito | Soviet Union Yugoslavia |
1969 | Prime Minister of Bulgaria Todor Zhivkov | Bulgaria |
1970 | ||
1971 | President Julius Nyerere | Tanzania |
1972 | Prime Minister Seewoosagur Ramgoolam | Mauritius |
1973 | President Mobutu Sese Seko | Zaire |
1974 | President Josip Broz Tito and Prime Minister Sirimavo Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike | Yugoslavia Sri Lanka |
1975 | President Kenneth Kaunda | Zambia |
1976 | Prime Minister Jacques Chirac | France |
1977 | First Secretary Edward Gierek | Poland |
1978 | President Patrick Hillery | Ireland |
1979 | Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser | Australia |
1980 | President Valéry Giscard d’Estaing | France |
1981 | President Jose Lopez Portillo | Mexico |
1982 | King Juan Carlos I | Spain |
1983 | President Shehu Shagari | Nigeria |
1984 | King Jigme Singye Wangchuck | Bhutan |
1985 | President Raúl Alfonsín | Argentina |
1986 | Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou | Greece |
1987 | President Alan Garcia | Peru |
1988 | President Junius Jayewardene | Sri Lanka |
1989 | General Secretary Nguyen Van Linh | Vietnam |
1990 | Prime Minister Anerood Jugnauth | Mauritius |
1991 | President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom | Maldives |
1992 | President Mário Soares | Portugal |
1993 | Prime Minister John Major | United Kingdom |
1994 | Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong | Singapore |
1995 | President Nelson Mandela | South Africa |
1996 | President Dr. Fernando Henrique Cardoso | Brazil |
1997 | Prime Minister Basdeo Panday | Trinidad and Tobago |
1998 | President Jacques Chirac | France |
1999 | King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev | Nepal |
2000 | President Olusegun Obasanjo | Nigeria |
2001 | President Abdelaziz Bouteflika | Algeria |
2002 | President Cassam Uteem | Mauritius |
2003 | President Mohammed Khatami | Iran |
2004 | President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva | Brazil |
2005 | King Jigme Singye Wangchuck | Bhutan |
2006 | King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz al-Saud | Saudi Arabia |
2007 | President Vladimir Putin | Russia |
2008 | President Nicolas Sarkozy | France |
2009 | President Nursultan Nazarbayev | Kazakhstan |
2010 | President Lee Myung Bak | Republic of Korea |
2011 | President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | Indonesia |
Monday, January 24, 2011
LIST OF INDIAN STATE FLOWERS
Sunday, January 23, 2011
List of Indian state birds
This is a list of Indian state (and union territory) birds: