1. The International date line deviates from 1800 meridian in the North Pacific Ocean due to
1 Aleutian Islands
2 Samoa Islands
3 Fuji Islands
4 Cook Islands
Ans:1
2. The world’s highest hydel power project ‘Rongtong’ is located in
1 Rangoon
2 Kathmandu
3 Himachal Pradesh
4 Beijing
Ans:3
3. Artesian wells are found in
1 Sedimentary rocks
2 Igneous rocks
3 Metamorphic rocks
4 None of these
4. Which one of the following is the farthest from the centre of the earth?
1 Equator
2 Tropic of Capricorn
3 Antarctic Circle
4 South Pole
Ans:1
5. The multipurpose Sardar Sarovar Project is being built across which river ?
1 Tapti
2 Narmada
3 Sabarmati
4 Godavari
Ans:2
6. Which one of the following rivers orginates near Mahabaleshwar?
1 Godavari
2 Krishna
3 Kaveri
4 Tapi
Ans:2
7. Put in descending order of content of fixed carbon 1.Peat 2.Lignite 3.Bituminous Coal 4.Anthracite
1 4, 2, 3, 1
2 1, 2, 3, 4
3 3, 4, 2, 1
4 4, 3, 2, 1
Ans:4
8. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? (Lake — Location)
1 Superior — US-Canada
2 Baikal — Russia
3 Great Bear — Canada
4 Great Slave — Russia
Ans:4
9. Which of the following has the minimum humus?
1 Gray-desert soil
2 Red-desert soil
3 Chestnut soil
4 Cher nozem
Ans:2
10. Choose incorrect statement
1 Capacity of air to hold moisture decreases with a rise in temperature of the air
2 The air pressure decreases with an increase in temperature
3 Absolute humidity is expressed in grams per cubic metre of air
4 With an ascent of every 165 metres, the temperature is reduced by 10C
Ans:1
11. Which of the following crops requires water logging?
1 Tea
2 Oil seeds
3 Cotton
4 Rice
Ans:1
12. Coal is found in
1 volcanic rocks
2 metamorphic rocks
3 igneous rocks
4 sedimentary rocks
Ans:1
13. Trade winds blow in the norhtern hemisphere from
1 North to south
2 South to north
3 Northwest to southwest
4 Northeast to southwest
14. “Namibia” was earlier known as
1 South- West Africa
2 New Guinea
3 British Guyana
4 British Columbia
Ans:1
15. Which one of the following gases is predominant in the atmosphere?
1 Argon
2 Nitrogen
3 Carbon Dioxide
4 Oxygen
Ans:2
16. Osaka (japan) is known as the
1 Queen of the Adriatic
2 Manchaster of the Orient
3 Land of Morning Calm
4 Land of Cakes
Ans:2
17. Most of the weather phenomena take place in the -
1 Stratosphere
2 Troposphere
3 Tropopause
4 Ionosphere
Ans:2
18. `Sakshat’ is
1 A website
2 A missile
3 An artificial satellite
4 A railway project
Ans:1
19. Which one of the following nations has recently pushed back its time and synchronised with the Indian Standard Time?
1 Sri Lanka
2 Bangladesh
3 Bhutan
4 Nepal
Ans:1
20. The mainstream of river Ganga which flows beyond Farakka is known as
1 Bhagirathi
2 Hooghly
3 Padma
4 Subarnarekha
Ans:3
21. The collective farms in the steppes of Eurasia are termed as
1 Campos
2 Estancias
3 Kolkhoz
4 Corals
Ans:3
22. Duncan Pass is between
1 India and Sri Lanka
2 Andaman and Nicobar
3 North and South Andaman
4 North and East Andaman
Ans:3
23. Which type of rain is caused by ascent of moisture laden air along a mountain?
1 Convectional rainfall
2 Orographic rainfall
3 Cyclonic rainfall
4 All of the above
24. In India which of the following are the southernmost hills?
1 Annamalai hills
2 Cardamom hills
3 Nilgiri hills
4 Javadi hills
Ans:2
25. Which of the following is known as “Island of precipitation” ?
1 Fault Mountains
2 Fold Mountains
3 Dome Mountains
4 Block Mountains
Ans:3
26. A sudden fall in the barometric reading indicates
1 rain
2 storm
3 fine weather
4 extreme cold
Ans:2
27. Winds and air currents differ in the aspect that
1 air currents blow much faster than winds
2 air currents are always moisture laden while winds are usually dry
3 the winds blow on lands while air currents blow over seas and oceans
4 winds are horizontal movements of air while air currents are the vertical movements of air
Ans:4
28. The Chilka Lake region lies in between the deltas of
1 Mahanadi and Godavari
2 Krishna and Kaveri
3 Godavari and Krishna
4 Ganga and Mahanadi
Ans:1
29. Black Soil is best suited for -
1 Tea
2 Rice
3 Cotton
4 Coffee
Ans:3
30. The controversial Perambikulam-Aliyar project (PAP) which is built on the river Aliyar serves mainly for irrigation purpose involves which two states
1 Kerala & TN
2 Kerala & Karnataka
3 Kerala & Goa
4 Kerala & Maharashtra
Ans:1
Thursday, June 2, 2011
Geographical Terms
Alluvium : Sedimentary matter deposited by rivers. It makes the soil fertile.
Antipodes : It is a region or place on the opposite side of the earth.
Aphelion : The position of the earth or of any other planet or comet in
its orbit when it is at its greatest distance from the sun.
Archipelago : A group of islands, such as Malaysian Archipelago.
Asteroid : A limp of rock or metal in orbit around the sun.
Atoll : It is a coral reef of the shape of a horse-shoe or ring with a lagoon in the centre.
Biosphere : The organic life on earth both animate and inanimate including plants, vegetables, animals, birds and men.
Bore : A tidal wave which breaks in the estuaries of some rivers and being impelled by the narrowing channel rises in the form of tide, and courses along with great force and noise.
Chromosphere : A shell of hot gas about 1600-4800 km thick encircling the visible surface of the sun.
Comet : A body of gas and dust traveling in an elongated orbit around the sun.
Cape : The point of termination or a neck of land extending into the sea.
Confluence : Meeting place of two or more rivers as at Allahabad where the Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati meet.
Cosmis Rays : Atomic particles from spare whim travel close to the speed of light.
Continental Shelf : Apart of land which is submerged under the sea and whose depth is not more than 600 ft.
Contours : Lines connecting parts of the same Altitudes above sea level.
Date line (or International date line) : It is situated 180. meridian from Greenwich, a ship while crossing the line eastwards goes forward a day, while westward it goes back a day.
Delta : An alluvial deposit shaped like the Greek letter formed at the mouth of river. The Nile Delta is well-known.
Earthquake : It is shaking of earth’s crust sometimes accompanied by permanent elevations or depression, but often no lasting effect is visible on the surface, except the damage done by shaking.
El Nino : A phenomenon noticed in the Pacific Ocean near the Chilean Coast. It is now believed that it has a major impact on the onset of monsoon’s in India.
Equinox : March 21 and September 23, when days and nights are of equal durations throughout the globe.
Fog : When moist air meets cold surface of earth, some of the water ‘ours condense on the particles of dust in air. This cloud of condensed vapour is called fog.
Glacier : A vast accumulation of ice and snow, which moves slowly, till it melts and forms a river is caned glacier.
Geyser : It is a fountain of hot water issuing from a hole which extends deep into earth’s crust. The chief geysers of the world are found in Iceland, New Zealand and Yellow Stone National Park (USA).
Gulf Stream : It is a warm ocean current, which flows along the eastern coast of North America and drifts towards the western coast of Europe.
Iceberg : A large mass of ice, detached from a glacier and floating in the sea, is called an iceberg.
Igloo : It is the dome-shaped hut of snow in which Eskimos live,
Lagoon : A shallow lake formed at the :mouth of a river or near the sea but separated from it by a sand mound.
Meteor : A particle from space which burns up by friction in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Midnight Sun : In the Arctic region, the sun is visible even at midnight in summer. Norway is called the land of midnight sun.
Milky way : A band of stars, gas and dust across the night sky.
Ocean Currents : These are great circulatory movements of ocean either warm or cold and are caused by (i) permanent winds, i.e., trade and westernly winds; and (ii) by difference in density of sea water.
Oceans : 71% of the total area of the earth is covered by water. In the ancient times, these oceans were regarded as great hindrance in the development of relations between different countries. But now these have become great highways for transportation.
Orbit : The path of the earth or any other planet round the sun is called its orbit.
Photosphere : The bright surface layer of gases on the sun.
Pampas : Dreary expanse of treeless grassy plains between the Andes and the Atlantic ocean.
Prairies : Extensive treeless tracts, covered with tall coarse grass, situated ill Central and North America.
Rainbow : It is an arch in the sky, caused by the reflection and refraction of breaking up of the rays of the sun by tiny droplets of rain suspended in air.
Satellite : Natural satellites also called :moons are small planets which revolve round the larger ones.
Savannas : Land covered with natural grass in the tropical region from 5° N and 5°C of equator to 23° N and 30° S.
Selvas : The plains covered with thick forests near the river Amazon (Brazil) in South America.
Tides : Tides are the alternate rise and fall of the sea water. The tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and to a lesser degree of the sun.
Volcano : It is large conical hillock having a funnel-shaped opening from which lava comes out. Cotapaxi is a lofty active volcano in South America.
Antipodes : It is a region or place on the opposite side of the earth.
Aphelion : The position of the earth or of any other planet or comet in
its orbit when it is at its greatest distance from the sun.
Archipelago : A group of islands, such as Malaysian Archipelago.
Asteroid : A limp of rock or metal in orbit around the sun.
Atoll : It is a coral reef of the shape of a horse-shoe or ring with a lagoon in the centre.
Biosphere : The organic life on earth both animate and inanimate including plants, vegetables, animals, birds and men.
Bore : A tidal wave which breaks in the estuaries of some rivers and being impelled by the narrowing channel rises in the form of tide, and courses along with great force and noise.
Chromosphere : A shell of hot gas about 1600-4800 km thick encircling the visible surface of the sun.
Comet : A body of gas and dust traveling in an elongated orbit around the sun.
Cape : The point of termination or a neck of land extending into the sea.
Confluence : Meeting place of two or more rivers as at Allahabad where the Ganga, Yamuna and Saraswati meet.
Cosmis Rays : Atomic particles from spare whim travel close to the speed of light.
Continental Shelf : Apart of land which is submerged under the sea and whose depth is not more than 600 ft.
Contours : Lines connecting parts of the same Altitudes above sea level.
Date line (or International date line) : It is situated 180. meridian from Greenwich, a ship while crossing the line eastwards goes forward a day, while westward it goes back a day.
Delta : An alluvial deposit shaped like the Greek letter formed at the mouth of river. The Nile Delta is well-known.
Earthquake : It is shaking of earth’s crust sometimes accompanied by permanent elevations or depression, but often no lasting effect is visible on the surface, except the damage done by shaking.
El Nino : A phenomenon noticed in the Pacific Ocean near the Chilean Coast. It is now believed that it has a major impact on the onset of monsoon’s in India.
Equinox : March 21 and September 23, when days and nights are of equal durations throughout the globe.
Fog : When moist air meets cold surface of earth, some of the water ‘ours condense on the particles of dust in air. This cloud of condensed vapour is called fog.
Glacier : A vast accumulation of ice and snow, which moves slowly, till it melts and forms a river is caned glacier.
Geyser : It is a fountain of hot water issuing from a hole which extends deep into earth’s crust. The chief geysers of the world are found in Iceland, New Zealand and Yellow Stone National Park (USA).
Gulf Stream : It is a warm ocean current, which flows along the eastern coast of North America and drifts towards the western coast of Europe.
Iceberg : A large mass of ice, detached from a glacier and floating in the sea, is called an iceberg.
Igloo : It is the dome-shaped hut of snow in which Eskimos live,
Lagoon : A shallow lake formed at the :mouth of a river or near the sea but separated from it by a sand mound.
Meteor : A particle from space which burns up by friction in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Midnight Sun : In the Arctic region, the sun is visible even at midnight in summer. Norway is called the land of midnight sun.
Milky way : A band of stars, gas and dust across the night sky.
Ocean Currents : These are great circulatory movements of ocean either warm or cold and are caused by (i) permanent winds, i.e., trade and westernly winds; and (ii) by difference in density of sea water.
Oceans : 71% of the total area of the earth is covered by water. In the ancient times, these oceans were regarded as great hindrance in the development of relations between different countries. But now these have become great highways for transportation.
Orbit : The path of the earth or any other planet round the sun is called its orbit.
Photosphere : The bright surface layer of gases on the sun.
Pampas : Dreary expanse of treeless grassy plains between the Andes and the Atlantic ocean.
Prairies : Extensive treeless tracts, covered with tall coarse grass, situated ill Central and North America.
Rainbow : It is an arch in the sky, caused by the reflection and refraction of breaking up of the rays of the sun by tiny droplets of rain suspended in air.
Satellite : Natural satellites also called :moons are small planets which revolve round the larger ones.
Savannas : Land covered with natural grass in the tropical region from 5° N and 5°C of equator to 23° N and 30° S.
Selvas : The plains covered with thick forests near the river Amazon (Brazil) in South America.
Tides : Tides are the alternate rise and fall of the sea water. The tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and to a lesser degree of the sun.
Volcano : It is large conical hillock having a funnel-shaped opening from which lava comes out. Cotapaxi is a lofty active volcano in South America.
Different Types of Phobias
Phobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by extreme and irrational fear of simple things or social situations; “phobic disorder is a general term for all phobias”
| Phobia | Description |
| Acrophobia, Altophobia | Fear of heights |
| Agoraphobia | Fear of a place or event where escape is impossible or when help is unavailable |
| Ailurophobia | Fear of cats |
| Algophobia | Fear of pain |
| Amaxophobia | Fear of vehicles, driving |
| Androphobia | Fear of males |
| Anthropomorphobia | Fear or dislike of anthropomorphic traits |
| Apiphobia, Melissophobia | Fear of bees |
| Aquaphobia, Hydrophobia | Fear of water |
| Arachnophobia | Fear of spiders |
| Astraphobia, Astrapophobia, Brontophobia, Keraunophobia | Fear of thunder, lightning and storms; especially common in young children |
| Autophobia, Monophobia | Fear of being alone |
| Aviophobia, Aviatophobia | Fear of flying |
| Bacillophobia, Bacteriophobia, Microbiophobia | Fear of microbes and bacteria |
| Batrachophobia | Fear of frogs, amphibians |
| Biphobia | Fear of bisexuals |
| Blennophobia | Fear of slime |
| Bovophobia | Fear of cattle |
| Carcinophobia | Fear of cancer |
| Chiroptophobia | Fear of bats |
| Cibophobia,Sitophobia | Aversion to food |
| Claustrophobia | Fear of confined spaces |
| Clinophobia | Fear of going to bed or falling asleep |
| Coulrophobia | Fear of clowns |
| Cynophobia | Fear of dogs |
| Dental phobia, Dentophobia, Odontophobia | Fear of dentists and dental procedures |
| Dementophobia | Fear of insanity |
| Dromophobia | Fear of crossing streets |
| Dysmorphophobia, or body dysmorphic disorder | A phobic obsession with a real or imaginary body defect |
| Emetophobia | Fear of vomiting |
| Entomophobia | Fear of insects |
| Ephebophobia | Fear of youth or adolescents |
| Equinophobia, Hippophobia | Fear of horses |
| Ergasiophobia, Ergophobia | Fear of work or functioning, or a surgeon’s fear of operating |
| Erotophobia | Fear of sexual love or sexual questions |
| Erythrophobia | Pathological blushing |
| Genophobia, Coitophobia | Fear of sexual intercourse |
| Gephyrophobia | Fear of crossing bridges |
| Gerontophobia | Fear of growing old or a hatred of old people |
| Glossophobia | Fear of speaking in public or of trying to speak |
| Gymnophobia, Nudophobia | Fear of nudity |
| Heliophobia | Fear of sunlight |
| Hemophobia, Haemophobia | Fear of blood |
| Herpetophobia | Fear of reptiles |
| Heterophobia | Fear/dislike of heterosexuals |
| Hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia | Fear of the number 666 |
| Homilophobia | Fear of sermons |
| Homophobia | Fear, dislike, or hatred of homosexual people |
| Hoplophobia | Fear of firearms (guns) |
| Hydrophobia | Fear of water |
| Lalophobia, Laliophobia | Fear of speaking |
| Ligyrophobia | Fear of loud noises |
| Linonophobia | Fear of string |
| Islamophobia | Fear-induced prejudice against Muslims or Islamic culture |
| Musophobia | Fear of mice and/or rats |
| Mysophobia | Fear of germs, contamination or dirt |
| Necrophobia, Thanatophobia | Fear of death, the dead |
| Neophobia, Cainophobia, Cainotophobia, Cenophobia, Centophobia, Kainolophobia, Kainophobia | Fear of newness, novelty |
| Nosophobia | Fear of contracting a disease |
| Numerophobia | Fear of numbers |
| Nyctophobia, Achluophobia, Lygophobia, Scotophobia | Fear of darkness |
| Ochlophobia | Fear of crowds |
| Ophidiophobia | Fear of snakes |
| Ornithophobia | Fear of birds |
| Osmophobia, Olfactophobia | Fear of smells |
| Paraskavedekatriaphobia, Paraskevidekatriaphobia, Friggatriskaidekaphobia | Fear of Friday the 13th |
| Panphobia | Fear of everything or constantly afraid without knowing what is causing it |
| Phasmophobia | Faer of ghosts |
| Phobophobia | Fear of phobias |
| Photophobia | Hypersensitivity to light causing aversion to light |
| Phonophobia | Hypersensitivity to sound causing aversion to sounds |
| Pnigophobia | Fear of choking |
| Pogonophobia | Faer of beards |
| Pyrophobia | Fear of fire |
| Radiophobia | Fear of radiation or X-rays |
| Siderodromophobia | Fear of trains |
| Sociophobia | Fear/dislike of society or people in general |
| Taphophobia | Fear of the grave, or fear of being placed in a grave while still alive |
| Technophobia | Fear of technology |
| Tokophobia | Fear of childbirth |
| Transphobia | Fear or dislike of transgender or transsexual people |
| Trichophobia | Fear of hair |
| Triskaidekaphobia, Terdekaphobia | Fear of the number 13 |
| Trypanophobia, Aichmophobia, Belonephobia, Enetophobia | Fear of needles, injections or of pointed objects |
| Xenophobia | Fear or dislike of strangers or the unknown |
| Zoophobia | Fear of animals |
Blood group notation
According to above blood grouping systems, you can belong to either of following 8 blood groups:
article source : nobelprize.org
| A Rh+ | B Rh+ | AB Rh+ | 0 Rh+ |
| A Rh- | B Rh- | AB Rh- | 0 Rh- |
| Blood Group | Antigens | Antibodies | Can give blood to | Can receive blood from |
| AB Rh+ | A, B and Rh | None | AB Rh+ | AB Rh+ AB Rh - A Rh+ A Rh - B Rh+ B Rh - 0 Rh+ 0 Rh - |
| AB Rh - | A and B | None (Can develop Rh antibodies) | AB Rh - AB Rh+ | AB Rh - A Rh - B Rh - 0 Rh - |
| A Rh+ | A and Rh | B | A Rh+ AB Rh+ | A Rh+ A Rh - 0 Rh+ 0 Rh - |
| A Rh - | A | B (Can develop Rh antibodies) | A Rh - A Rh+ AB Rh - AB Rh+ | A Rh - 0 Rh - |
| B Rh+ | B and Rh | A | B Rh+ AB Rh+ | B Rh+ B Rh - 0 Rh+ 0 Rh- |
| B Rh - | B | A (Can develop Rh antibodies) | B Rh- B Rh+ AB Rh- AB Rh+ | B Rh - 0 Rh - |
| 0 Rh+ | Rh | A and B | 0 Rh+ A Rh+ B Rh+ AB Rh+ | 0 Rh+ 0 Rh - |
| 0 Rh - | None | A and B (Can develop Rh antibodies) | AB Rh+ AB Rh - A Rh+ A Rh - B Rh+ B Rh - 0 Rh+ 0 Rh - | 0 Rh - |
Chief Crops and Producing States in India
Bajra (millets): Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan.
Barley: U.P., Bihar, Haryana. Its cultivation requires cool climate.
Cardamom: Karnataka. India is the largest producer of cardamom in the world.
Cashewnut: Kerala.
Cinchona: Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri Hills); West Bengal (Darjeeling).
Coconut: Kerala is the leading producer of coconut in India. A coconut tree normally yield 60-70 nuts in a year.
Coffee: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri Hills) and Kerala. It is a tropical shrub.
Cotton: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Punjab and Maharashtra.
Cotton Seeds: Maharashtra, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
Gram and Pulses: U.P., Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Maharashtra and Karnataka.
Groundnut: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh.
Hemp: Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and U.P.
Jute: Assam, West Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
Linseed: Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, U.P., Maharashtra and West Bengal.
Maize: U.P., Bihar and the Punjab.
Mustard and Rape-seed (Sarson): U.P., West Bengal, Punjab, Bihar and Orissa.
Poppy (opium plant): U.P., Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir.
Rice: Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Tamil Nadu and Orissa. Rice is sown on the largest acreage in India.
Rubber: Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka.
Saffron: Jammu and Kashmir. It is obtained from the stigma of the saffron plant.
Silk: Karnataka, Jammu & Kashmir, West Bengal and Assam.
Spices: Pepper in Kerala and West Bengal; Chillies in West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra; Cardamom in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu; Betelnuts in West Bengal and South India.
Sugarcane: U.P., Bihar, West Bengal, Punjab and Maharashtra.
Tea: Assam, West Bengal, Kerala and Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri Hills), Uttarkhand (Dehradun) and Himachal Pradesh (Kangra Hills).
Tobacco: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, U.P., West Bengal, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.
Wheat: U.P., Punjab, Haryana and Madhya Pradesh. To some extent in Bihar, Rajasthan and Maharashtra. It is sown in October-November and reaped in April.
Kharif and Rabi Crops
Kharif Crops: are crops raised in autumn as a result of sowing done in June-July. These are cotton, rice, maize and millets.
Rabi Crops: are winter crops sown in October and November and reaped in April. These are wheat, gram, linseed and mustard.
Barley: U.P., Bihar, Haryana. Its cultivation requires cool climate.
Cardamom: Karnataka. India is the largest producer of cardamom in the world.
Cashewnut: Kerala.
Cinchona: Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri Hills); West Bengal (Darjeeling).
Coconut: Kerala is the leading producer of coconut in India. A coconut tree normally yield 60-70 nuts in a year.
Coffee: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri Hills) and Kerala. It is a tropical shrub.
Cotton: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Punjab and Maharashtra.
Cotton Seeds: Maharashtra, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
Gram and Pulses: U.P., Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Maharashtra and Karnataka.
Groundnut: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh.
Hemp: Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and U.P.
Jute: Assam, West Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
Linseed: Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, U.P., Maharashtra and West Bengal.
Maize: U.P., Bihar and the Punjab.
Mustard and Rape-seed (Sarson): U.P., West Bengal, Punjab, Bihar and Orissa.
Poppy (opium plant): U.P., Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir.
Rice: Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Tamil Nadu and Orissa. Rice is sown on the largest acreage in India.
Rubber: Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka.
Saffron: Jammu and Kashmir. It is obtained from the stigma of the saffron plant.
Silk: Karnataka, Jammu & Kashmir, West Bengal and Assam.
Spices: Pepper in Kerala and West Bengal; Chillies in West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra; Cardamom in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu; Betelnuts in West Bengal and South India.
Sugarcane: U.P., Bihar, West Bengal, Punjab and Maharashtra.
Tea: Assam, West Bengal, Kerala and Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri Hills), Uttarkhand (Dehradun) and Himachal Pradesh (Kangra Hills).
Tobacco: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, U.P., West Bengal, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.
Wheat: U.P., Punjab, Haryana and Madhya Pradesh. To some extent in Bihar, Rajasthan and Maharashtra. It is sown in October-November and reaped in April.
Kharif and Rabi Crops
Kharif Crops: are crops raised in autumn as a result of sowing done in June-July. These are cotton, rice, maize and millets.
Rabi Crops: are winter crops sown in October and November and reaped in April. These are wheat, gram, linseed and mustard.
World’s Largest Producers of Crops, Minerals, Industrial goods
Aluminium: U.S.A., Canada Norway, Switzerland, France and India.
Asbestos: Canada leads in the world in production of Asbestos.
Carpets: Iran, India.
Cheese: U.S.A., England, Netherlands and Australia.
Coal: U.S.A., England, Germany, Russia, Australia and India.
Cocoa: Ghana, S. America and West Indies.
Coffee: Brazil, Indonesia, India.
Copper: Chile.
Cotton: U.S.A., Russia, Egypt, India, Brazil, Argentina and Pakistan.
Electric Bulbs: England, U.S.A., India.
Gold: South Africa, Australia, Canada, S. America, India.
Ilmenite: India.
Iron ore: U.S.A., CIS, U.K., France, Germany, India and Spain.
Jute: Bangladesh, India.
Manganese: India is largest producer of Manganese in the world. Gabon Republic situated on the western coast of South Africa is known as having one of the richest deposits at Moanda.
Mercury: Italy, Spain and U.S.A.
Monazite: India, supplies 88% of the world’s need.
Petroleum: U.S.A., Venezuela, Russia, Middle East countries, Iran and Myanmar.
Plastic Goods: U.S.A., England.
Rock Phosphate: Morocco is world’s leading supplier.
Rubber: Malaysia, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. About 40% of the world’s natural rubber is produced by Malaysia.
Silk: China, U.S.A., France.
Silver: Mexico, U.S.A., Peru and India.
Steel: U.S.A., Germany, CIS and England.
Sugar: Cuba.
Tea: India, China, Sri Lanka, Japan and Indonesia.
Tin: Malaysia, Indonesia.
Wool: Australia, Argentina, New Zealand and South Africa.
Asbestos: Canada leads in the world in production of Asbestos.
Carpets: Iran, India.
Cheese: U.S.A., England, Netherlands and Australia.
Coal: U.S.A., England, Germany, Russia, Australia and India.
Cocoa: Ghana, S. America and West Indies.
Coffee: Brazil, Indonesia, India.
Copper: Chile.
Cotton: U.S.A., Russia, Egypt, India, Brazil, Argentina and Pakistan.
Electric Bulbs: England, U.S.A., India.
Gold: South Africa, Australia, Canada, S. America, India.
Ilmenite: India.
Iron ore: U.S.A., CIS, U.K., France, Germany, India and Spain.
Jute: Bangladesh, India.
Manganese: India is largest producer of Manganese in the world. Gabon Republic situated on the western coast of South Africa is known as having one of the richest deposits at Moanda.
Mercury: Italy, Spain and U.S.A.
Monazite: India, supplies 88% of the world’s need.
Petroleum: U.S.A., Venezuela, Russia, Middle East countries, Iran and Myanmar.
Plastic Goods: U.S.A., England.
Rock Phosphate: Morocco is world’s leading supplier.
Rubber: Malaysia, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. About 40% of the world’s natural rubber is produced by Malaysia.
Silk: China, U.S.A., France.
Silver: Mexico, U.S.A., Peru and India.
Steel: U.S.A., Germany, CIS and England.
Sugar: Cuba.
Tea: India, China, Sri Lanka, Japan and Indonesia.
Tin: Malaysia, Indonesia.
Wool: Australia, Argentina, New Zealand and South Africa.
Major Crops Producing Countries
Almonds–United States, Spain, Syria
Apples—-China,United States,Turkey
Apricots–Turkey,Iran,Italy
Banana—India,Brazil,China
Barley—Russia,Canada,Germany
Dry beans–Brazil,India,China
Buffalo milk–India, Pakistan,China
Cabbages–China, India,Russia
Camel milk-Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Mali
Carrots—China, Russia, United States
Cashew nuts–Vietnam,India,Brazil
Cassava–Nigeria,Brazil,Indonesia
Cauli flower-China,India,Italy
Cherries–Turkey,United states,Iran
Chillies–China,Mexico,Turkey
Cinnamon–Indonesia,China,Sri Lanka
Cocoa beans–Ivory coast,Ghana,Indonesia
Coconuts–Indonesia,Philippines,India
Coffee–Brazil,Vietnam,Indonesia
Cow milk–United states,India,Russia
Eggs—China,Thailand,Indonesia
Garlic–China,India,North Korea
Ginger–China,India,Indonesia
Goat milk–India,Bangladesh,Sudan
Grapes–Italy,Frances,United States
Honey–China,United States,Argentina
Jute–India,Bangladesh,China
Lettuce–China,United States,Spain
Maize–United States,China,Brazil
Mangoes–India,China,Thailand
Mushrooms–China,United States,Netherlands
Rubber–Thailand,Indonesia,Malaysia
Oats–Russia,Canada,United States
Olives–Italy,Spain,Greece
Onions–China,India,United States
Oranges–Brazil,United States,Mexico
Pineapples–Thailand,Philippines,China
Plums–China,Serbia,Germany
Potatoes–China,Russia,India
Pumpkins–China,India,Ukraine
Rice–China,India,Indonesia
Soyabeans–United States,Brazil,Argentina
Sugar cane–Brazil,India,China
Sun flower–Russia,Ukraine,Argentina
Tea–China,India,Sri Lanka
Tobacco–China,Brazil,India
Tomato–China,United States,Turkey
Wheat–China,India,United States
Apples—-China,United States,Turkey
Apricots–Turkey,Iran,Italy
Banana—India,Brazil,China
Barley—Russia,Canada,Germany
Dry beans–Brazil,India,China
Buffalo milk–India, Pakistan,China
Cabbages–China, India,Russia
Camel milk-Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Mali
Carrots—China, Russia, United States
Cashew nuts–Vietnam,India,Brazil
Cassava–Nigeria,Brazil,Indonesia
Cauli flower-China,India,Italy
Cherries–Turkey,United states,Iran
Chillies–China,Mexico,Turkey
Cinnamon–Indonesia,China,Sri Lanka
Cocoa beans–Ivory coast,Ghana,Indonesia
Coconuts–Indonesia,Philippines,India
Coffee–Brazil,Vietnam,Indonesia
Cow milk–United states,India,Russia
Eggs—China,Thailand,Indonesia
Garlic–China,India,North Korea
Ginger–China,India,Indonesia
Goat milk–India,Bangladesh,Sudan
Grapes–Italy,Frances,United States
Honey–China,United States,Argentina
Jute–India,Bangladesh,China
Lettuce–China,United States,Spain
Maize–United States,China,Brazil
Mangoes–India,China,Thailand
Mushrooms–China,United States,Netherlands
Rubber–Thailand,Indonesia,Malaysia
Oats–Russia,Canada,United States
Olives–Italy,Spain,Greece
Onions–China,India,United States
Oranges–Brazil,United States,Mexico
Pineapples–Thailand,Philippines,China
Plums–China,Serbia,Germany
Potatoes–China,Russia,India
Pumpkins–China,India,Ukraine
Rice–China,India,Indonesia
Soyabeans–United States,Brazil,Argentina
Sugar cane–Brazil,India,China
Sun flower–Russia,Ukraine,Argentina
Tea–China,India,Sri Lanka
Tobacco–China,Brazil,India
Tomato–China,United States,Turkey
Wheat–China,India,United States
Indian News papers and journals
Bengal Gazette(1780)------------ (India’s first newspaper-James Augustus Hikki
Dig darshana(1818)--------------1st Bengali monthly
Caucutta journal 1818----------- J.S.Buckingham
Bengal Gazette(1818)----------- 1st bengali newspapaer - Harishchandra roy
Sambad Kaumudi (1821)(Bengali)-Ram Mohan Roy
Mirat-Ul-Akbar(1822)1st Journal in Persian)-Ram Mohan Roy
Banga duta-1822-A weekly in 4 languages.(English,Bengali, Persian,Hindi)Rajaram Mohan Roy, Dwaraka nath Tagore and others.
Jam-i-jahan numah(1822)1st news paper in Urdu- An English Firm
Bombay samachar-1822-First paper in Gujarathi.
East Indian-(----)Henry Vivian Derazio)
Bombay Times(1838)*Foundation Laid by Robert Knight, Started by Thomas Bennet.-
After 1861 Renamed as Times of India.
Rast Goftar-(1851)(First newspaper in Gujarati)-Dadabhai Naoroji
Hindu Patriot-1853-Girish Chandra Ghosh (later Harish Chandra Mukherji became owner cum editor.)
Somapraksha-1858-(1st Bengali political news paper) Dwaraknath Vidhya Bhushan.
Indian Mirror-Early 1862-1st English Daily-Devendra Nath Tagore
Som Prakash-1858-Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Bengalee-1862-Girish Chandra Gosh-Taken over by S.N.Benerjea in 1879.
Madras mail-1868-1st evening News paper.
Amrita Bazar Patrika-1868-(1st in Bengali later in English)Sisir Kumar Ghosh and Motilal Ghosh
Banga darshana-1873-Bankim chandra chaterjea.
Indina statesman-1875-(Later THE STATESMAN)Robert Knight.
The Hindu-1878-Veera Raghavachari,Subbha rao pandit and G.S.Aiyar
Tribune-1881-Dayal singh Majeetia
Kesari-1881-(Marati)B.G.Tilak-B4-Agarkar
Maharatta-1881-(English)B.G.Tilak-B4-Prof Khelkar
Swadesha mitram----------------G.S.Aiyar
Paridasak-1886-Bipan chandrapal(Publisher)
New India (Weekly)-Bipin Chandra Pal
New India (Daily)-Annie Besant
Commonweal-Annie Besant
Yugantar-1906-Bhupendranath Datta and Barinder Kumar Ghosh
Sandhya-1906-Brahma Bandhav Upadhyaya
Kal- 1906-------------------------
Indian Socialist-(from London)Shyamji Krishna Varma.
Bande mataram---Paris---Madam Bikaji Kama.
Talwar (in Berlin)-Birendra Nath Chattopadhyaya
Free Hindustan (in Vancouver)-Tarak Nath Das
Gadar-Sanfaransisco- Gadr party.
Bombay Chronicle-1913-Firoze Shah Mehta-(Editor-B.G.Horniman.
The Hindustan Times-1920-K.M.Pannikar-As a Part of Akali Dal Movement.
The Milap-1923-M.K.Chand.
Leader-Madan Mohan Malaviya.
Hindustan- M.M.Malviya
Kirti--1926--Santosh Singh.
Bahishkrit Bharath-1927-B.R.Ambedkar.
Mooknayak-B.R.Ambedkar
Kudi Arasu-1910-E.V.Ramaswami Naiker.
Kranti-1927-S.S.Mirajkar,K.N.Joglekar, S.V.Ghate
Langal and Ganabani--1927-Gopu Chakravarthi and Dharani Goswami.
Nation-Gopala Krishna Gokhale.
Sudharak-G.K.Gokhale
Bengali-Surendranath Benerjea.
Bandi Jeevan----Sachindranath Sanyal.
National Herald-1938-Jawahar Lal Nehru
Al-Hilal-Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad
Al-Balagh-Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad
Comrade-Mohammed Ali
Young India-M.K.Gandhi
Harijan-M.K.Gandhi
Nav Jeevan-M.K.Gandhi
Som Prakash-Eshwara Chandra Vidya Sagar.
Karma yogi- Aravindo Gosh.
Vande Mataram-Aurobindo Ghosh
Free Hindusthan-Tarakanath Das.
Zamindar-Zafar Ali Khan
Lahore--Zafar Ali Khan
Satpatra Series- Gopala Haridesh Mukh.
Din Mitra-Mukundarao Patil.
Din Bandu-Bhaskar Rao Jadhav
Matatha-Bhaskar Rao Jadhav
Darpan-Bal Shastri Jambhekar.
Gulamgiri-Jyothi Rao Phule.
Prabhudha Bharath--Vivekanada
Udbodhana-Vivekanada
Native Opinion-V.N.Mandalik
Kavivachan Sudha-Bhartendu Harishchandra
Vichar Lahiri-Krishnashastri Chiplunkar
Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq-Sir Syyed Ahmed Khan
Independent-Motilal Nehru
Punjabi-Lala Lajpat Rai
Pratap-Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi
Essays in Indian Economics-M.G.Ranade
Dig darshana(1818)--------------1st Bengali monthly
Caucutta journal 1818----------- J.S.Buckingham
Bengal Gazette(1818)----------- 1st bengali newspapaer - Harishchandra roy
Sambad Kaumudi (1821)(Bengali)-Ram Mohan Roy
Mirat-Ul-Akbar(1822)1st Journal in Persian)-Ram Mohan Roy
Banga duta-1822-A weekly in 4 languages.(English,Bengali, Persian,Hindi)Rajaram Mohan Roy, Dwaraka nath Tagore and others.
Jam-i-jahan numah(1822)1st news paper in Urdu- An English Firm
Bombay samachar-1822-First paper in Gujarathi.
East Indian-(----)Henry Vivian Derazio)
Bombay Times(1838)*Foundation Laid by Robert Knight, Started by Thomas Bennet.-
After 1861 Renamed as Times of India.
Rast Goftar-(1851)(First newspaper in Gujarati)-Dadabhai Naoroji
Hindu Patriot-1853-Girish Chandra Ghosh (later Harish Chandra Mukherji became owner cum editor.)
Somapraksha-1858-(1st Bengali political news paper) Dwaraknath Vidhya Bhushan.
Indian Mirror-Early 1862-1st English Daily-Devendra Nath Tagore
Som Prakash-1858-Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Bengalee-1862-Girish Chandra Gosh-Taken over by S.N.Benerjea in 1879.
Madras mail-1868-1st evening News paper.
Amrita Bazar Patrika-1868-(1st in Bengali later in English)Sisir Kumar Ghosh and Motilal Ghosh
Banga darshana-1873-Bankim chandra chaterjea.
Indina statesman-1875-(Later THE STATESMAN)Robert Knight.
The Hindu-1878-Veera Raghavachari,Subbha rao pandit and G.S.Aiyar
Tribune-1881-Dayal singh Majeetia
Kesari-1881-(Marati)B.G.Tilak-B4-Agarkar
Maharatta-1881-(English)B.G.Tilak-B4-Prof Khelkar
Swadesha mitram----------------G.S.Aiyar
Paridasak-1886-Bipan chandrapal(Publisher)
New India (Weekly)-Bipin Chandra Pal
New India (Daily)-Annie Besant
Commonweal-Annie Besant
Yugantar-1906-Bhupendranath Datta and Barinder Kumar Ghosh
Sandhya-1906-Brahma Bandhav Upadhyaya
Kal- 1906-------------------------
Indian Socialist-(from London)Shyamji Krishna Varma.
Bande mataram---Paris---Madam Bikaji Kama.
Talwar (in Berlin)-Birendra Nath Chattopadhyaya
Free Hindustan (in Vancouver)-Tarak Nath Das
Gadar-Sanfaransisco- Gadr party.
Bombay Chronicle-1913-Firoze Shah Mehta-(Editor-B.G.Horniman.
The Hindustan Times-1920-K.M.Pannikar-As a Part of Akali Dal Movement.
The Milap-1923-M.K.Chand.
Leader-Madan Mohan Malaviya.
Hindustan- M.M.Malviya
Kirti--1926--Santosh Singh.
Bahishkrit Bharath-1927-B.R.Ambedkar.
Mooknayak-B.R.Ambedkar
Kudi Arasu-1910-E.V.Ramaswami Naiker.
Kranti-1927-S.S.Mirajkar,K.N.Joglekar, S.V.Ghate
Langal and Ganabani--1927-Gopu Chakravarthi and Dharani Goswami.
Nation-Gopala Krishna Gokhale.
Sudharak-G.K.Gokhale
Bengali-Surendranath Benerjea.
Bandi Jeevan----Sachindranath Sanyal.
National Herald-1938-Jawahar Lal Nehru
Al-Hilal-Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad
Al-Balagh-Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad
Comrade-Mohammed Ali
Young India-M.K.Gandhi
Harijan-M.K.Gandhi
Nav Jeevan-M.K.Gandhi
Som Prakash-Eshwara Chandra Vidya Sagar.
Karma yogi- Aravindo Gosh.
Vande Mataram-Aurobindo Ghosh
Free Hindusthan-Tarakanath Das.
Zamindar-Zafar Ali Khan
Lahore--Zafar Ali Khan
Satpatra Series- Gopala Haridesh Mukh.
Din Mitra-Mukundarao Patil.
Din Bandu-Bhaskar Rao Jadhav
Matatha-Bhaskar Rao Jadhav
Darpan-Bal Shastri Jambhekar.
Gulamgiri-Jyothi Rao Phule.
Prabhudha Bharath--Vivekanada
Udbodhana-Vivekanada
Native Opinion-V.N.Mandalik
Kavivachan Sudha-Bhartendu Harishchandra
Vichar Lahiri-Krishnashastri Chiplunkar
Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq-Sir Syyed Ahmed Khan
Independent-Motilal Nehru
Punjabi-Lala Lajpat Rai
Pratap-Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi
Essays in Indian Economics-M.G.Ranade
Highest Sex Ratio (Gender Ratio)
A list of top 10 districts of India by Highest Sex Ratio in India per 1000 males
Rank District State Ratio 2011 Ratio 2001 Difference
1 Mahe Puducherry 1176 1147 29
2 Almora Uttarakhand 1142 1145 -3
3 Kannur Kerala 1133 1090 43
4 Pathanamthitta Kerala 1129 1094 35
5 Ratnagiri Maharashtra 1123 1136 -13
6 Rudraprayag Uttarakhand 1120 1115 5
7 Kollam Kerala 1113 1069 44
8 Thrissur Kerala 1109 1092 17
9 Pauri Garhwal Uttarakhand 1103 1106 -3
10 Alappuzha Kerala 1100 1079 21
Highest Literate Districts of India
2011 Census
Rank District State Average Male Female
1 Serchhip Mizoram 98.76 99.24 98.28
2 Aizawl Mizoram 98.5 99.01 98
3 Mahe Puducherry 98.35 99.24 97.61
4 Pathanamthitta Kerala 96.93 97.7 96.26
5 Kottayam Kerala 96.4 97.17 95.67
6 Alappuzha Kerala 96.26 97.9 94.8
7 Ernakulam Kerala 95.68 97.14 94.27
8 Kannur Kerala 95.41 97.54 93.57
9 Thrissur Kerala 95.32 96.98 93.85
10 Kozhikode Kerala 95.24 97.57 93.16
Lowest Literate Districts of India
2011 Census
Rank District State Average Male Female
1 Alirajpur M. P. 37.22 43.58 30.97
2 Bijapur Chhattisgarh 41.58 51.42 31.56
3 Dantewada Chhattisgarh 42.67 52.69 32.88
4 Jhabua M. P. 44.45 54.65 34.29
5 Nabarangapur Orissa 48.2 59.45 37.22
6 Shrawasti Uttar Pradesh 49.13 59.55 37.07
7 Malkangiri Orissa 49.49 60.29 38.95
8 Narayanpur Chhattisgarh 49.59 58.97 40.22
9 Koraput Orissa 49.87 61.29 38.92
10 Pakur Jharkhand 50.17 59.02 41.23
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