Tuesday, August 16, 2011

LEADERS OF COUNTRIES

Africa

Asia

Europe

North America

Oceania

South America

Monday, August 15, 2011

Project Tiger


  • It was launched on April 1, 1973 to ensure maintenance of viable population of the tigers in India.
  • There are 29 tiger reserves in the country:
Tiger ReserveState
BandipurKarnataka
CorbettUttarakhand
KanhaMadhya Pradesh
ManasAsom
MelghatMaharashtra
PalamauJharkhand
RanthambhoreRajasthan
SimilipalOrissa
SunderbansWest Bengal
PeriyarKerala
SariskaRajasthan
BuxaWest Bengal
IndravatiChattisgarh
NagariunsagarAndhra Pradesh
NamdaphaArunachal Pradesh
DudhwaUttar Pradesh
Kalakad-MundanthuraiTamil Nadu
ValmikiBihar
PencilMadhya Pradesh
Tadoba-AndhariMaharashtra
BandhavgarhMadhya Pradesh
PannaMadhya Pradesh
DamphaMizoram
BhadraKarnataka
PenchMaharashtra
Pakhui-NameriArunachal Pradesh-Asom
Bori, Satpura, PachmariMadhya Pradesh
NagarholeKarnataka
KatarniaghatUttar Pradesh
NameriAsom
KazirangaAsom
Note :
  • Nagarjunasagar Tiger Reserve in AP is the largest, while Pench in Maharashtra is the smallest. Bandipur in Karnataka was the first (1973-74), while Kaziranga is the latest (2006).

Biosphere Reserves in India


  • The biosphere reserve program was launched by the UNESCO in 1971 under the aegis of its Man and Biosphere (MAB) Program, to provide a global network of protected areas for conserving natural communities.
  • In India, the first biosphere reserve – Nilgiri biosphere reserve – came into being in 1986. So far, 14 biosphere reserves have been set up in the country.

Nilgiri (Western Ghats)Similipal (Orissa)
Nanda Devi (Uttarakhand)Dibru-Daikhowa (Asom)
Nokrek (Meghalaya)Dehong Dabang (Arunachal Pradesh)
Manas (Asom)Panchmarhi (MP)
Sunderbans (West Bengal)Kanchanjunga (Sikkim)
Gulf of Mannar (Tamil Nadu)Agastyamalai (Kerala)
Great Nicobar (Andaman and Nicobar Islands)Achaanak maar-Amarkantak (Madhya Pradesh)   
Note :
  • Out of these 14, Nilgiri, Sunderbans, Manas and Gulf of Mannar have been recognized on World Network of Biosphere Reserves by UNESCO.

YOUNGEST COUNTRIES

South Sudan (July, 2011)
Montenegro (July, 2006)
Serbia (July, 2006)
East Timor (2002)
Palau (1994)
Czech Republic (1993)
Eritrea (1993)
Slovakia (1993)
Bosnia/Hertzegovina (1992)

OLDEST COUNTRIES


San Marino (301 AD)
France (486 AD)
Bulgaria (632 AD)
Denmark (950 AD)
Portugal (1143 AD)
Andorra (1278 AD)
Switzerland (1291 AD)

Most Commonly Spoken Languages



LanguageNumber of speakers
1.Chinese (Mandarin)1,300,000,000
2.English508,000,000
3.Hindustani (Hindi and Urdu)497,000,000
4.Spanish392,000,000
5.Russian277,000,000
6.Arabic246,000,000
7.Bengali211,000,000
8.Portuguese191,000,000
9.Malay-Indonesian159,000,000
10.French129,000,000

World Top Ten Largest Landlocked Countries

Largest Planets in the Solar System

RankPlanetDiameter (km)
1Jupiter142,984
2Saturn120,536
3Uranus51,118
4Neptune30,778
5Earth12,756
6Venus12,103
7Mars6,794
8Mercury4,880
9Eres2,400
10Pluto2,320
11Ceres975

World Top Ten Largest Cities

Cities Country Estimated Population
Tokyo Japan 35,100,000
New York USA 21,650,000
Seoul South Korea 21,350,000
Mexico City Mexico 20,950,000
Sao Paulo Brazil 19,900,000
Mumbai India 18,400,000
Osaka Japan 18,050,000
Delhi India 17,500,000
Los Angeles USA 16,900,000
Jakarta Indonesia 16,050,000