History Made Easy

The policy of Blood and Iron was followed by	Bismark
What is the name given to the army commanded by Garibaldi?	Redshirts
Communist manifesto was written by	Karl Marx
'Das kapital' was written by	Karl Marx
Napoleon was defeated finally in which war?	Waterloo
Mazzini founded a revolutionary society called	Young Italy
Congo was discovered by	Cameroon
The highest stage of capitalism is	Imperialism
Which continent was regarded as 'Dark Continent'?	Africa
Which was the first country to fall prey to the Europeans	India
Who were the first to develop trade with India	Portuguese
Russian parliament is called as	Duma
"War is to a nation what maternity is to women" was the principle advocated by	Mussolini
The author of "Mein Kampf" was	Hitler
Robert Mugabe became the first president of	Zimbabwe
Who was the founder of Nazi Party	Hitler
The founder of Fascist Party was	Mussolini
Excavation work of Indus valley civilization was first carried out by	Sir John Marshall
Temples at Mahabalipuram were built by	Narasimhavarman / Pallavas
The immediate Cause of the sepoy mutiny was the use of	Enfield Rifles
The British who succeeded in abolishing the practice of Sati in India was	William Bentinck
The European country which held monopoly over India trade during 16th century was	Portugal
Ramakrishna mission was founded by	Swami Vivekananda
Red Fort located in Delhi was built by	Shahjahan
Great master of Indian medical science was	Charaka
The 1857 Revolt began at	Meerut
The sculpture that existed during Kanishka's period was called	Gandhara Sculpture / Greco-Buddhist Art
The construction of Qutub Minar was completed by	Iltutmish
Hiuen Tsang, the Chinese pilgrim visited India during the reign of	Harsha
The earliest of the Vedas is	Rigveda
Ajanta caves are near	Aurangabad (Maharashtra)
Brihadeshwara Temple was built at	Tanjavur
The builder of Buland Darwaza was	Akbar
The great astronomer of Ancient India	Varahamihira / Aryabhatta
The philosophy advocated by Shankara-charya is known as	Advaita
Founder of Mughal Empire	Babur
What was a striking example of city culture at Mohenjo Daro?	Great Bath
Who produced Vedic literature	Aryans
Tanjavur Brihadeshwara temple built by	Raja Raja Chola
The biggest Nataraja image in the country is at	Chidambaram
Who laid foundation of Indo-Persian school of painting?	Akbar
Indo-Persian architecture was patronized by	Shahjahan
Who gave patronage to Mughul miniature painting?	Jahangir
Which is regarded as very ancient native Indian language?	Sanskrit
Ganapati festival, Shivaji festival were started by	Bala Gangadhar Tilak
The 1857 revolt was called as	First war of Indian Independence
In Chandragupta Vikramaditya's court there were the poets called	Navaratnas
Whose court was adorned by Ashtadiggajas?	Sri Krishna Devaraya
Who were responsible for the rise of Bakthi movement?	Sufi saints
Ramanuja was a worshipper of Vishnu and preached	Vaishnavism
Who popularized the Advaita philosophy?	Shankaracharya
Who founded the Dvaita philosophy?	Madhvacharya
Who founded the Sikh sect?	Guru Nanak
The slogan "Give me blood, I shall give you freedom given by	Subhash Chandra Bose
Who said "Satyameva Jayathe" (Truth alone will win)?	Madan Mohan Malaviya
Who said "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it"?	Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Who said -Go back to the Vedas?	Swami Dayanand Saraswati
Who said -Inquilab Zindabad?	Bhagat Singh
Who said 'Do or die'?	Gandhi
The book 'Tughluq Namah' was written by?	Amir Khusrau
The book 'Akbar Namah' was written by?	Abul Fazl
The Rajaraja Temple at Thanjur was built by?	Rajendra Chola 1
Gopuram is an important feature of	Dravidian construction
Tripitakas are sacred books of	Buddhists
The theory of economic drain of India during British imperialism was propounded by	Jawaharlal Nehru
The Vijayanagara ruler, Sri Kirshnadeva Raya's work Amuktamalyada, was in	Telugu
Two of the great Mughals wrote their own memories are	Babur and Jahangir
To which king belongs the Lion capitol at Sarnath?	Ashoka
The language of discourses of Gautama Buddha was	Pali
To whom of the Republic of Buddha belong?	Sakyas
Tipu sultan was the ruler of	Mysore
'The Vedas contain all the truth' was interpreted by	Swami Dayananda
To meet the educational needs of the people, the Madarasa-I Nasiri was built in the regin of	Iltutmish
The Vedic deity Indra was the Goddess of	Rain and Thunder
Pulakesin II was the most famous ruler of	Chalukyas
Under whose leadership was the All India Muslim League set up?	Aga Khan
The Upanishads are	A source of Hindu Philosophy
Who was the first Buddhist pilgrim of China to visit India during the reign of Chandragupta Vikramaditya	Fa-Hien
Who found the Servants of India Society?	Gopala Krishna Gokhale
Who wrote famous epic ‘Shahnama’?	Firdausi
The Salt Satyagraha was held at	Dandi, Gujarat
The leader of the Indian National Army was	Subash Chandra Bose
Minto-Marley reforms were introduced in	1905
Annie Besant belonged to	Ireland
The Home Rule Movement was started by	Annie Besant/Tilak
The leader of moderates was	Gopala Krishna Gokhale
First President of Indian National Congress	W.C. Bonerjee
Muslim league was formed in	1906
Indian National Congress first session was held at	Mumbai
The main objective of the extremist was the attainment of	Swaraj
The partition of Bengal was made in 1905 by	Lord Curzon
Which movement was launched in response to the Partition of Bengal?	Vande Mataram
The hymn of Vande Mataram was written by	Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Gandhi fought against ____ system at champaran	Tinkathia
Who was responsible for Jallianwala Bagh massacre?	General Dyer
Gandhi took very serious view of the ____ incident and called off the non-cooperation movement	Chauri Chaura
In 1930, the First Round Table Conference held at	London
Gandhi-Irwin pact was signed in	1931
For which award Gandhiji protested against MacDonald	Communal
Gandhi and Ambedkar signed	Poona Pact
Atlee, the Prime Minister of England sent a Cabinet mission to India in	1946
According to ____ plan (1947) the partition of India was happened.	Mountbatten
Who were the first Europeans to come to India and last to leave India?	Portuguese

Indian National Movement Date Wise Snippets

1885	Indian National Congress was formed.
1905	Partition of Bengal by Curzon.
1906	All India Muslim league was formed.
1907	1911 - Annulment of the partition of Bengal.
1911	Champaran movement
1917	Rowlatt Act passed - The act curbed the fundamental rights such as freedom of expression and strengthened the police powers.
1919	Jallianwalabagh Massacre. In protest Tagore renounced his knighthood.
1919	Khilafat movement. Gandhi took it as an opportunity for Muslim-Hindu unity and supported the movement.
1920	Non Cooperation movement. British titles were surrendered. Import of foreign cloth fell drastically between 1920 and 1922.
1920	Gandhi called off the Non Cooperation movement.
1922	Chauri chaura incident - killing 22 policemen.
1922	Simon Commission: the Commission was to recommend further constitutional reforms. It was headed by Sir John Simon. It contained all white members. When the Simon came to Indian he was greeted with black flags as a mark of protest by the Indians with raised slogans stating - "Simon Go Back".
1927	Nehru Report: It demanded responsible government advocated dominion states. It was not for complete independence. It demanded universal suffrage. It rejected separated communal elections.
1928	Irwin Offer: It proposed a vague offer of 'dominion status' for India in an unspecified future and a Round Table Conference to discuss a future constitution after publication of the Simon Report.
1929	Lahore Session of Congress: The president was Jawahar Lal Nehru. It took the decision boycotting Round Table Conference. "Purna Swaraj" was adopted as the main aim of the Congress under the presidentship of J.L.Nehru. It launched a programme of civil disobedience. On Dec 31, 1929, Tricolor was hoisted at the Shore of Ravi.
1930	Civil Disobedience Movement started with the Dandi March on 12th March 1930 to break the salt law under the leadership of Gandhi. 26th January, 1930 - observed as "Independence day" all over the country.
1930	First Round Table Conference: It was the first ever conference arranged between British and Indians as equal. Congress boycotted it. However Motilal Nehru, Liberals and princes attended it.
1931	Second Round Table Conference: Gandhi attended only one round table conference and that is the second roundtable conference.
1931	Gandhi-Irwin pact: It offered that all political prisoners would be released except Bhagat singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev. Right to make salt was accepted. Gandhi agreed to suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement and participate in the second session of Round Table Conference.
1932	Third Round Table Conference: Majority leaders of INC did not participate. The outcome of the conference was published on a "White paper" based on which the British government passed Government of India Act of 1935.
1932	Ramsay MacDonald proposed separate electorate for minority community including Dalits. The proposal was supported by B.R.Ambedkar but it was fully opposed by Gandhi.
1932	Poona Pact: Gandhi felt that separate electorate would disintegrate the society on caste lines and would lead to permanent division in the society. To avoid such a situation Gandhi went on for hunger strike for 21 days in Yerrawada central jail. The issue was finally resolved between B.R.Ambedkar and Gandhi by signing the historic Poona Pact. Gandhi devoted himself to the Harijan Cause, for which he started a newspaper called "Harijan".
1935	Government of India act 1935 prescribed provincial autonomy and the government announced elections to the provincial legislatures in 1937. Congress formed government in 6 out of 11 provinces.
1942	Cripps Missions: The British government wanted India to fully co-operate to it during World War-II and made few proposals to League and Congress and promised them of independence after the war. But the proposals were rejected by both the parties and hence the Cripps Mission was a failure.
1942: Gandhi called for Quit India movement	DO or DIE to fight the British. Communication and symbols of the state authority were attacked all over the country.
1945	Wavell Plan: which suggested that all portfolios except Defence would be held by the Indian members. The Plan also suggested the reconstitution of the Viceroy's Executive Council and the political parties have to nominate few candidates from their party out of whom the viceroy would select candidate of his choice for the Executive Council.
1945	Shimla Conference: To discuss these proposals and for a better future India, Wavell called all the political parties for their opinion to Shimla and this conference is popularly called as Shimla conference. Differences arose between Congress and League about the representation of Muslim community. The conference was a failure.
1946	Cabinet Mission: The mission consisted of Lord Pethick-Lawrence, the Secretary of State for India, Sir Stafford Cripps, President of the Board of Trade and A. V. Alexander, the First Lord of the Admiralty. The mission suggested that India should remain united and constitute itself as a loose federation with some autonomy for Muslim majority areas. Both Congress and League did not agree to specific details of the proposal.
1946	Direct Action Day - Muslim League announced 16th august 1946 as Direct action day. On this day riots broke in Calcutta lasting for several days. By March 1947 violence spread to different parts of northern India.
1947	Indian Independence Act 1947: It was the Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and it received the royal assent on 18 July 1947. According to this act the British India was to be divided into two states namely India and Pakistan.
On 15th August 1947	India became independent.

Important Summits of Indian Relevance

G20
The G20 comprises a mix of the world's largest advanced and emerging economies.
G20 represents about two-thirds of the world's population, 85 per cent of global gross domestic product and over 75 per cent of global trade.
The members of the G20 are Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union.

Past Summits:8th- Saint Petersburg, Russia, September 5–6, 2013 
7th- Los Cabos, Mexico, June 18–19, 2012 
6th- Cannes, France, November 3–4, 2011
5th- Seoul Lee, South Korea, November 11–12, 2010
4th-Toronto, Canada, June 26–27, 2010 
3rd- Pittsburgh, United States, September 24–25, 2009
2nd- London, United Kingdom, April 2, 2009
1st- Washington, United States, November 14–15, 2008 

Upcoming Summit:9th- Brisbane, Australia, November 15–16, 2014 

BRICS
BRICS comprises Federative Republic of Brazil, the Russian Federation, the Republic of India, the People's Republic of China and the Republic of South Africa.

The acronym "BRICs" was initially formulated in 2001 by economist Jim O'Neill, of Goldman Sachs, in a report on growth prospects for the economies of Brazil, Russia, India and China.

BRICS represents 26% of the planet's land mass, and is home to 46% of the world's population.

Past Summits:1st- Yekaterinburg, Russia, 16 June, 2009 
2nd- Brasília, Brazil, 15 April, 2010 
3rd- Sanya, China, 14 April, 2011 
4th- New Delhi, India, 29 March, 2012 
5th- Durban, South Africa, 26–27 March 2013 
6th- Brasília, Brazil, 14–16 July 2014 

Upcoming Summit:7th- Russia, 2015 

NAM
The Bandung Asian-African Conference of April 18-24, 1955 is the most immediate antecedent to the creation of the Non-Aligned Movement.

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was created and founded during the collapse of the colonial system.

The NAMs actions during the early days were a key factor in the decolonization process, which led later to the attainment of freedom and independence by many countries. 

At present, the Movement has 120 Member States, 17 Observer Countries and 10 Observer organizations. 

Past Summits:16th- Tehran, Iran, 26–31 August, 2012
15th- Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt, 11–16 July, 2009 
14th- Havana, Cuba, 15–16 September, 2006 
2nd-Cairo, United Arab Republic, 5–10 October, 1964 
1st-Belgrade, Yugoslavia, 1–6 September 1961 

SAARC
South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC) was founded in 1985 and dedicated to economic, technological, social, and cultural development emphasizing collective self-reliance. 

Its seven founding members are Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Afghanistan joined the organization in 2007. 

SAARC Headquarters are in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Summit Declarations provide directives and mandate for regional co-operation. 

Past Summits: 17th- Addu, Maldives, 10–11 November, 2011 
16th-Thimphu, Bhutan, 28–29 April, 2010 
15th- Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1–3 August, 2008
14th- New Delhi, India, 3–4 April 2007 
2nd-Bangalore, India, 16–17 November, 1986
1st-Dhaka, Bangladesh, 7–8 December, 1985

Upcoming Summit:18th- Kathmandu, Nepal, November, 2014 

ASEAN
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration by the Founding Fathers of ASEAN, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.

Brunei joined the group in January 1984, followed by Vietnam in 1995, Laos and Myanmar in 1997 and Cambodia in 1999. 

Past Summits:24th- Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, 10-11 May, 2014
23rd- Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam, 9-10 October, 2013
22nd- Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam, 24-25 April, 2013
2nd- Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 4-5 August 1977
1st-, Bali, Indonesia, 23-24 February, 1976

Upcoming Summit:25th- Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, November, 2014

East Asia Summit
The concept of an East Asia Grouping was first promoted in 1991 by then Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohammad.

Established in 2005, East Asia Summit is a forum of 18 countries of the Asia-Pacific region to further the objectives of regional peace, security and prosperity. 

The membership of EAS consists of ten ASEAN Member States (i.e. Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines and Vietnam), Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation and the USA. 

Past Summits:8th- Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei, 10 October, 2013
7th- Phnom Penh, Cambodia, 20 November, 2012
6th- Bali, Indonesia, 19 November, 2011 
2nd-Cebu City, Philippines, 15 January, 2007
1st- Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 14 December, 2005 

Ongoing Summit:9th- Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, November, 2014

IBSA
The India-Brazil-South Africa Dialogue Forum, IBSA is a coordinating mechanism amongst three emerging, multi ethnic and multicultural democracies. 

IBSA Dialogue Forum was formally launched on 6 June 2003 through the adoption of the landmark "Brasilia Declaration". 

Past Summits: 6th- New Delhi, India, 16 May, 2013
5th- Tshwane, South Africa, 18 October, 2011
4th- Brasilia, Brazil, 15 April, 2010
3rd- New Delhi, India, 15 October 2008
2nd- Tshwane, South Africa, 17 October, 2007 
1st- Brasilia, Brazil, 13 September, 2006

Upcoming Summit:7th- New Delhi, India, 2015

G8
G8 is the group of eight highly industrialized nations—France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, Japan, the United States, Canada, and Russia.

When the group was formed in 1975, it was known as the G6, comprising France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. 

The summit became known as G7 in 1976 with the addition of Canada. Russia was added to the group in 1998. However, presently Russia’s candidature is under suspension. 

The aggregate GDP of G8 states makes up some 50 percent of the global economy.

Past Summits:40th- Brussels, Belgium, June 4–5, 2014 
39th- Fermanagh, United Kingdom, June 17–18, 2013 
38th- Camp David, United States, May 18–19, 2012 
2nd-Dorado, Puerto Rico, United States, June 27–28, 1976 
1st- Rambouillet, France, November 15–17, 1975 

Upcoming Summit:41st- Schloss Elmau, Germany, June 4–5, 2015

List of NAM Summits

	Dates	Venue
First	September 1-6, 1961	Belgrade
Second	October 5-10, 1964	Cairo
Third	September 8-10, 1970	Lusaka
Fourth	September 5-9, 1973	Algiers
Fifth	August 16-19, 1976	Colombo
Sixth	September 3-9, 1979	Havana
Seventh	March 7-12, 1983	New Delhi
Eighth	September 1-6, 1986	Harare
Ninth	September 4-7, 1989	Belgrade
Tenth	September 1-7, 1992	Jakarta
Eleventh	October 18-20, 1995	Cartagena de Indias
Twelfth	September 2-3, 1998	Durban
Thirteenth	February 20-25, 2003	Kuala Lumpur
Fourteenth	September 15-16, 2006	Hawana
Fifteenth	11-16 July 2009	Sharm El Sheikh
Sixteenth	26-31 August 2012	Tehran
Seventeenth	2015 (to be held)	Caracas