Monday, January 14, 2013

Countries by exports per capita

RankCountry / EntityExports per capita, US$
1Hong Kong45,574
2Singapore45,302 
3United Arab Emirates37,200
4Netherlands32,817
5Norway24,564
6Ireland24,000 
7Belgium23,485
8Switzerland22,230
9Iceland21,500
10Denmark19,893
11Slovenia16,640
12Austria16,300
13Puerto Rico16,257
14Kuwait16,230
15Slovakia14,570
16Germany14,169
17Sweden13,924
18Trinidad and Tobago12,700 
19Oman11,700 
20Finland10,766 
21Czech Republic10,700 
22Libya10,100
23Estonia9,820
24Canada9,430 
25Republic of China (Taiwan)8,800
26Hungary7,860
27South Korea7,700 
28Lithuania7,250
29France 7,200 
30Israel7,060 
31Saudi Arabia6,965
32Italy6,825 
33Australia6,800 
34New Zealand6,725 
35Gabon6,500 
36United Kingdom5,780 
37Malaysia5,560 
38Kazakhstan5,556 
39Portugal5,450 
40Spain4,750
41Japan4,250 
42Chile4,000
43Angola3,800 
44Latvia3,750 
45Poland3,500 
46United States3,375 
47Belarus3,350 
48Panama3,120
49Bulgaria2,960
 European Union2,880
50Botswana2,850 
51Romania2,800 
52Croatia2,800 
53Greece2,425 
54Thailand2,266
55Russia2,150
55Macedonia2,150
57Costa Rica2,125 
58Algeria2,100
59Mexico2,000
60Turkmenistan1,900
61Tunisia1,900
62Mauritius1,850
63Argentina1,825 
64Venezuela1,800
65Uruguay1,800 
66Serbia1,650 
67Turkey1,530 
68Swaziland1,500 
69Ukraine1,400
70South Africa1,360 
71Namibia1,350 
72Jordan1,008
73Iran934 
74Azerbaijan727
75Philippines704
76Bosnia and Herzegovina691
77Dominican Republic654
78Ecuador636
79Iraq617
80Jamaica601
81People's Republic of China572
82Peru570
83El Salvador521
84Paraguay508
85Colombia506
86Lebanon498
87Brazil497
88Papua New Guinea481
89Nigeria397
90Indonesia375
91Morocco373
92Vietnam372
93Côte d'Ivoire357
94Lesotho336
95Syria333
96Mongolia322
97Georgia (country)313
98Guatemala313
99Sri Lanka311
100Chad309
101Yemen305
102Nicaragua282
103Liberia277
104Armenia265
105Bolivia258
106Mauritania255
107Moldova247
108Honduras240
109Albania227
110Cuba212
111Uzbekistan202
112Cameroon198
113Egypt194
114Sudan193
115Cambodia189
116Zambia167
117Palestine146
118Tajikistan146
119Kyrgyzstan144
120Ghana132
121Senegal131
122Zimbabwe126
123Togo125
124Benin98
125Pakistan94
126Kenya93
127Gambia92
128Mozambique85
129Bhutan71
130India69
131Bangladesh66
132Guinea65
133Laos64
134North Korea57
135Madagascar51
136Myanmar50
137Haiti46
138Tanzania41
139Sierra Leone33
140Central African Republic32
141Burkina Faso30
142Somalia29
143Malawi28
144Uganda27
145Mali24
146Nepal23
147Democratic Republic of the Congo19
148Niger16
149Afghanistan 16
150Rwanda11
151Ethiopia8
152Eritrea8
153Burundi7
154Nauru5

Sunday, December 23, 2012

List of Presidents of India (1947-Till Date)

1.Rajendra Prasad
26-Jan-1950  -13-May-1962  
Political party : Indian National Congress
Prasad was the first President of independent India. He was also an independence activist of the Indian Independence Movement. Prasad was the only president to serve for two terms in office.

2.Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
13-May-1962   - 13-May-1967   
Political party : Independent  
Radhakrishnan was a prominent philosopher, writer, a Knight of the Realm and also held the position of vice chancellor of the Andhra University and Banaras Hindu University. Hewas also made a Knight of the Golden Army of Angels by Pope Paul VI.

3.Zakir Hussain

13-May-1967 - 3-May-1969   
Political party : Independent  
Hussain was vice chancellor of the Aligarh Muslim University and a recipient of Padma Vibhushan and Bharat Ratna. He died before his term of office was ended.

Varahagiri Venkata Giri *
3-May-1969  - 20-Jul-1969   
Political party : Independent  
Giri was appointed as acting president following the death of Hussain. He resigned in a few months to take partin the presidential elections.

Muhammad Hidayatullah *

20-Jul-1969  - 24-Aug-1969   
Political party : Independent  
Hidayatullah served as the Chief Justice of India, and was a recipient of the Order of the British Empire. He served as acting president until the election of Giri as the President of India.

4.Varahagiri Venkata Giri
24-Aug-1969   - 24-Aug-1974  
Political party : Independent   
Giri is the only person to have served as both an acting president and president of India. He was a recipient ofthe Bharat Ratna, and has functioned as Indian Minister of Labour and High Commissioner to Ceylon (Sri Lanka).

5.Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
24-Aug-1974 - 11-Feb-1977   
Political party : Indian National Congress  
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed served as a Minister before being elected as president. He died in 1977 before his term of office ended, and was the second Indian president to have diedduring a term of office.

Basappa Danappa Jatti *

11-Feb-1977   - 25-Jul-1977   
Political party : Independent  
Jatti was the vice president of India during Ahmed's term of office, and was sworn in as acting president upon Ahmed's death. He earlier functioned as the Chief Minister for the State of Mysore.

6.Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

25-Jul-1977 - 25-Jul-1982   
Political party : Janata Party  
Reddy was the only Member ofParliament from the Janata Party to get elected from Andhra Pradesh. He was unanimously elected Speaker of the Lok Sabha on 26 March 1977 and relinquished this office on 13 July 1977 to become the 6th President ofIndia.

7.Giani Zail Singh

25-Jul-1982    - 25-Jul-1987   
Political party : Indian National Congress  
In March 1972, Singh assumed the position of chief Minister of Punjab, and in 1980, he became Union Home Minister.

8.Ramaswamy Venkataraman
25-Jul-1987  - 25-Jul-1992  
Political party : Indian National Congress  
In 1942, Venkataraman was jailed by the British for his involvement in the India's independence movement.After his release, he was elected to independent India’s Provisional Parliament as a member of the Congress Party in 1950 and eventually joinedthe central government, where he first served as Minister of Finance and Industry and later as Minister of Defence.

9.Shankar Dayal Sharma

25-Jul-1992 - 25-Jul-1997   
Political party : Indian National Congress  
Sharma was Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh, and the Indian Minister for Communications. He has also served as the governor of Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Maharashtra.

10.Kocheril Raman Narayanan

25-Jul-1997- 25-Jul-2002   
Political party : Independent  
Narayanan served as India's ambassador to Thailand, Turkey, China and United States of America. He received doctorates in Science and Law and was also a chancellor in several universities. He was also the vice-chancellor of Jawaharlal Nehru University.

11.A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

25-Jul-2002 -25-Jul-2007   
Political party : Independent  
Kalam was a scientist who played a leading role in the development of India's ballistic missile and nuclear weapons programs. Kalam also received the Bharat Ratna.

12.Pratibha Patil

25-Jul-2007
Political party : Indian National Congress  
Patil was the first woman to become President of India. She was also the first female Governor

13.Pranab Mukherjee
25th-July 2012
Political party : Indian National Congress 
Mukherjee was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress until he resigned from political office preceding his election as President on 22 July 2012. He took office as the 13th President of India on 25 July 2012.Mukherjee has received several accolades and honors. In 1984, he was rated as the best Finance Minister in the World according to a survey of Euromoney magazine.

Census Facts 2011

  • Thane district of Maharashtra is the most populated district of India.
  • Dibang Valley of Arunachal Pradesh is the least populated.
  • Kurung Kumey of Arunachal Pradesh registered highest population growthrate of 111.01 percent.
  • Longleng district of Nagaland registered negative population growth rate of (-)58.39.
  • Mahe district of Puducherry has highest sex ratio of 1176 females per 1000 males.
  • Daman district has lowest sex ratio of 533 females per 1000 males.
  • Serchhip district of Mizoram has highest literacy rate of 98.76 percent.
  • Alirajpur of MP is the least literate district of India with figure of 37.22 percent only.
  • North East Delhi has the higest density with figure of 37346 person per square kilometer.
  • Dibang Valley has the least density of 1 person per sq. km.

Literacy Rate in India (As per 2011 Census)

Literacy Rate In Indian State: Census 2011
Rank State Literacy rate (2011 Census) Literacy rate-Male (2011 Census) Literacy rate-Female (2011 Census)
1 Andaman & Nicobar Islands 86.3% 90.1% 81.8%
2 Andhra Pradesh 67.7% 75.6% 59.7%
3 Arunachal Pradesh 67.0% 73.7% 59.6%
4 Assam 73.2% 78.8% 67.3%
5 Bihar 63.8% 73.5% 53.3%
6 Chandigarh 86.4% 90.5% 81.4%
7 Chattisgarh 71.0% 81.5% 60.6%
8 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 77.7% 86.5% 65.9%
9 Daman & Diu 87.1% 91.5% 79.6%
10 Delhi 86.3% 91.0% 80.9%
11 Goa 87.4% 92.8% 81.8%
12 Gujarat 79.3% 87.2% 70.7%
13 Haryana 76.6% 85.4% 66.8%
14 Himachal Pradesh 83.8% 90.8% 76.6%
15 Jammu and Kashmir 68.7% 78.3% 58.0%
16 Jharkhand 67.6% 78.5% 56.2%
17 Karnataka 75.6% 82.8% 68.1%
18 Kerala 93.9% 96.0% 92.0%
19 Lakshadweep 92.3% 96.1% 88.2%
20 Madhya Pradesh 70.6% 80.5% 60.0%
21 Maharashtra 82.9% 89.8% 75.5%
22 Manipur 79.8% 86.5% 73.2%
23 Meghalaya 75.5% 77.2% 73.8%
24 Mizoram 91.6% 93.7% 89.4%
25 Nagaland 80.1% 83.3% 76.7%
26 Orissa 73.5% 82.4% 64.4%
27 Puducherry 86.5% 92.1% 81.2%
28 Punjab 76.7% 81.5% 71.3%
29 Rajasthan 67.1% 80.5% 52.7%
30 Sikkim 82.2% 87.3% 76.4%
31 Tamil Nadu 80.3% 86.8% 73.9%
32 Tripura 87.8% 92.2% 83.1%
33 Uttar Pradesh 69.7% 79.2% 59.3%
34 Uttarakhand 79.6% 88.3% 70.7%
35 West Bengal 77.1% 82.7% 71.2%
- Whole INDIA 74.04% 82.14%
65.46%

Saturday, December 22, 2012

Banking Programmes And Schemes

Banking Programmes And Schemes:

 S.No. Banking Programmes and Schemes Year of Beginning Objective/Description
 1  Credit Authorization Scheme (CAS) 1965 A scheme of Qualitative Credit Control of Researve Bank
 2  Scheme of Discriminatory Interest Rate 1972  To provide loan to the weaker sections of the societyat a concessional interest rate of 4%.
 3  Industrial Reconstruction Bank of India 1985  To provide financial assistance to sick and closed industrial units for their reconstruction.
 4  Formation of Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) 1988 To safeguard the interest of investors in capital market and to regulate share market.
 5  National Renewal Fund (NRF) 1992  To protect the interest of the employees of Public Sector.
 6  Group Life Insurance Scheme in Rural Areas 1995 To provide insurance facilities to rural people on lower premium.
 7  Social Security Pilot Scheme 2004 Scheme for labors of unorganized sector for providing family pension, insurance and medical.

Various Govt. Programmes

(1) Prerna:- The ‘janasankhya sthirata kosh (national population stabilization fund) has to promote & undertake activities aimed at achieving population stabilization at a level consistent with the needs of sustainable economic growth. Social development and environmental protection by 2045.
   • Prerna is a responsible for parenthood strategy. It is a monetary incentive strategy aimed at pushing up the age of marriage of girls and delay the birth of the first child.

(2) National Rural Health Mission (NRHM):-Launched in April 2005 the mission seeks to provide universal access to equitable, affordable and quality health care which is accountable and at the same time responsible to the needs of the people.
   • It also aims to achieve the goals set out under the national policy and the millennium development goals during the mission period.

(3) Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojna:-Launched by ministry of labour & employment, govt of India to provide health insurance coverage for BPL (Below Poverty Level)  families.
   • Beneficiaries are entitled to hospitalization coverage up to Rs 30,000 for most of the disease that require hospitalization.

(4) National Food Security Mission:-Sponsored scheme launched in august 2007.
   • Objective is to increased production and productivity of wheat, rice and pulses.

(5) 15 Point Programme:-In Oct 2009 govt decided to include 3 more schemes in the Prime minister’s new 15 point programme for the welfare of minorities.
Those are: -
   • National rural drinking water programme.
   • Urban infrastructure developed scheme for small and medium town.
   • Urban infrastructure and governance scheme.

(6) Bharat Nirman Yojna:- It is a time bound business plan for action in rural in infrastructure .Under Bharat nirman , action was proposed in the areas of:-
   I. Irrigation.
   II. Rural housing.
   III. Rural water supply.
   IV. Rural electrification.
   V. Rural telecommunication connectivity.

(7) National Mission On Education:-It is a mission in which education is provided through information and communication technology. “SAKSHAT” one stop education portal was launched on Oct 30 2006 by the president of India.
   • Head of National knowledge commission:-Sam Pitroda

(8)Right To Education Act 2009:- Article 21-(A), as inserted by the constitution (86th Amendment Act) 2002, provides for free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of 6 to 14 years as a fundamental rights. Consequently the parliament has enacted this in April 2009.
Salient features:-
   (a) Free and compulsory education 6 to 14 age group.
   (b) Will apply to all India except J&K.
  (c) Provide for 25% reservation for economically disadvantaged communities in admission in private school.
   (d) A child who completes elementary education (up to class 8) shall be awarded a certificate.

(9) Female Literacy:-It is a scheme to provide education & related facilities to ST Students launched by ministry of tribal affairs in Dec 11, 2009.

(10) Anil Kalkaska Committee on reforms in IITs:-it will suggest reforms to make these elite institutions a global brand.

(11) Yashpal Committee Report:- It was set up in 2008 for higher education and research.
   • It has suggested the scrapping of all higher education regulatory/monitoring bodies and creation of a super regulation.
    • It also recommended that the deemed university status be abandoned and that all deserving universities either converted into full fledged universities or scrapped.

(12) National Rural Livelihood Mission:-Ministry of rural development and panchyati raj proposed to restructure the existing swarnjayanti gram swarojgar yojna into rural livelihood mission to have a focused approach to rural poverty eradication in a time bound manner.
    • Objective is to reduce poverty among rural BPL by promoting diversified and gainful self employment and wage employment opportunities which would lead to an appreciable increase in sustainable basis.

(13) NREGA Renamed After Mahatma Gandhi:- On Oct 2, 2009. New name MGNREGA.

(14) Chandra Sheker Panel:- on the recomandation of a committee headed by cabinet secretary K.M Chander shaker. Centre had increased the pension for retired service man.

(15) Rajiv Awas Yojna:-Ministry of housing and urban poverty alleviation had launched the housing project called the Rajiv awas yojna for slum dwellers and the urban poor.
    • Aimed at making India slum free in the next five years.

(16) Government Gave 50% Women’s Quota: - For women in urban local bodies from 33 % to 50 % by the 108th const. amendment act.

(17) B.K Chaturvedi panel is formed to resolve the inter ministrial issues to speed up the ambitious national highways development project taken up by the road transport and highway ministry.

(18) Librahan Commission:- It was set up in dec 16 ,1992 by the Narashima Rao govt. to probe the demolition of Babri Mosque.The commission was initially asked to give a report in three months, however it could do so only after over 16 years that saw 39 sitting and 48 extensions, finally on June 30 2009 it gave the report.

(19) S.D. Tendulkar Committee:-It is to estimate poverty in the country. It’s said that about 38% of the country’s population are living below poverty line. This figure is 10% higher than the present poverty estimate of 28.5 % by the planning commission.

(20) Moily Panel:- For administrative reform commission it is the 2nd administrative reform commission.

(21) Unique Identification Authority:- Chairman of UID is Nandan Nilekani. He revealed that the first set of 16 digit unique identification number for citizen of the country will roll out by the end of 2010.
    • The UIAI is a part of the planning mission of India.
    • AADHAR:-UIDAI now new name AADHAR and also a logo.
   • AADHAR or foundation through through which the citizen can claim his/her rights and establishment when assumed of equal opportunities as symbolized by the logo which has the halo of the sun in the imprint of a thumbs.

(22)  M.S swami Nathan Panel :- It’s recommendation is on coastal management zone.

(23) G.T Nanavati-Akshay Mehta judical commission:- Probing the Godhra train carnage and post Godhra riots.

(24) Justice B.N Srikrishna is the head of the committee on Telangana issue.

(25) Census 2011:-15th national census of India. President being first person to share her details. First census was conducted in 1872.


(26) D.P Wadhawa Committee On PDS:-Established by the Supreme Court to give recommendation on the reform of public distribution system.

(27) Rajiv Gandhi Grammeen LPG Vitarak Yojna:- Union petroleum and natural gas ministry inaugurated this scheme for providing liquefied petroleum gas to the rural house hold at Lachhman ghar in sikar district of Rajasthan .
• Under the scheme it is proposed to increase the number of connection to 16 crores with coverage of 75% of population by 2015.

(28) Punchhi Commission:-Commission on centre state relation. It was constituted in April 2007. It was asked to make recommendation to help address the emerging challenges faced by the nation regarding centre state relation. Before this in mid 1980’s the SARKARI commission had undertaken a comprehensive review of the center state relation.

(29) National Integration Council:-The Govt. has reconstituted it which will be chaired by prime minister. Set up in the early 60’s by Nehru.

(30) E.R Rammohan Committee on Dantewada Massacre of CRPF personal.

(31) ICDS:-Integrated child development service launched on 2nd Oct 1975.
   • It is the world largest programme for early child hood.
   • The objective is to improve the nutritional and health status of children in the age group of 0-6 years.

(33) Green India Mission:- Ministry of environment and forests and the defense research and development organization have launched the mission.
   • The aim is to bring a million heacter of high altitude, cold desert ecosystem under cultivation by 2020.

(34) Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojna:- It was launched in Rajasthan Sriganga nagar district.

   • Aim at integrated development of 1,000 villages where a majority of the population belongs to the schedule caste.
    • It is a replica of U.P’s Ambedkar village scheme.

(35) Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission:- Objective -Generation of 20000 mw of solar energy in three phases by 2022.
    • Under this govt. aims to add at least 1000 mw solar power by the end of 2013.
    • Power Finance Corporation and the Rural Electrification Corporation had agreed to provide financial assistance.

(36) Certified command of state centre force in Chattisgrah, Odisha, Jharkhand, Bengal was mooted to counter naxal problem. Under this a IG rank officer or a retired major general on board should be headed the certified command. In this:-
   • Additional helicopters should be provided.
   • 400 new police stations should be opened.
   • 34 new battalions should be constituted.

(37) S. Irani committee:- Rajasthan Govt appointed this committee regarding the Issue of providing reservation to Gujjars.

(38) Pradhan committee:-
   • Investigate Nov 26 2008 terror attack.

(39) Muzzafar Jan Commission:-
This committee had probed the gang rape of 17 years old Asiya and pregnant Neelofar in Shopiaon (J&K).

(40) Kasturi Rangan Committee:- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) has set up this committee. To see the capability of the National Aerospace Laboratory (NAL) to build civil aircraft.

(41) Goverdhan Mehta Committee:-To review the procedure of the intergovernmental panel on climate change.

(42) National Advisory Council:-
   • A consultative body, chaired by Sonia Gandhi.
   • To serve as an interface between govt. and civil society.

Various Buildings

Adoble A house made from sun-dried bricks of clay and straw - usually built in warm, dry climates like the south western U.S.
Apartment A set of rooms in a building which usually contains other similar sets of rooms.
Barracks A building or set of buildings used to house soldiers.
Boardinghouse A house in which rooms are rented and meals are served in a common dining room.
Bungalow A small house with a low,wide roof and a porch. It is usually one story high.
Chalet A mountain house with a wide,overhanging roof and posts and beams. The style originated in Switzerland.
Chateau A home for nuns.
Cottage A small country home or summer house used for vacations.
Duplex Apartment An apartment with two floors of living space.
Duplex House A house divided into two living units.
Estate A large country house with seperate buildings on a large tract of land.
Farmhouse Thie dwelling for people who live and work on a farm raising animals or crops.
Flat An apartment on one floor of a building.
Geodesic Dome A large, flat-bottom boat used as a home.
Hogan A building made of logs and mud, used by the Navaho Indians.
Igloo A house built by Eskimos of blocks of ice. The name means "hot house".
Jacal A thatched hut made of intertwined branches and mud, built in Mexico.
Konah A large home in Turkey.
Lodge A house usually located in a remote place and used for hunting or skiing.
Loft An apartment in a warehouse or business building.
Log Cabin A small house made of unhewn timber.
Manse In Scotland, a house in which a minister lives.
Mobile Home A trailor used as a permanent home and made without a permanent foundation.
Nissen Hut A premade shelter with a semicircular arching roof of corrugated iron, and containing a cement floor.
Octagon House A house with eight sides.
Palace A large, grand building in which royally live.
Penthouse A large apartment located at the top of building.
Quonest Hut A premade, portable circular hut made of metal and used by the U.S. Army.
Rectory The house in which a Roman Catholic priest or Episcopal cergyman lives.
Shanty A shack.
Sod House A house made of bricks of sod, which is earth with grass and its roots. In the 19th century, these were built on the American prairie where there were no trees. Just grassy land.
Studio Apartment A one-room apartment with a kitchen and bathroom.
Tent A portable house made of skins, Canvas, or nylon.
Tepee, Tipi A cone-shaped portable home made of buffalo skins and tree saplings, used by the American Indians of the Great Plains.
Tenement` A rundown, low-rent apartment building.
Underground House An earth shelter built below the ground. The earth keeps the house warm in the winter and cool in the summer.
Villa A large country or resort home.
Wigwarm A hut with a frame made of poles and covered iwht bark,rush mats, or hides, used by American Indians.
Yurt A circular, portable, hut used as a home by asian shepherds. It is similar to the American wigwarm.
Zareba An African fort made of thorny bushes.

Parliaments

No. Country Name of Parliament
01 Bangladesh Jatiyo Sangsad
02 Britain Parliament (House of Commons is the Lower House and House of lords is the Upper house)
03 West Germany Lower House-Bundesrat,Upper House-Bundestag
04 India Parliament (Lok Sabha is the Lower house & Rajya Sabha is the Upper House)
05 Iran Majlis
06 Israel Kneeset
07 Japan Diet
08 Nepal Panchayat
09 Sweden Riksdag
10 U.S.A. Congress (Lower House-house of Representatives & Upper house-Senate)
11 U.S.S.R. Supreme Soviet
12 China National Peoples,Congress
13 Denmark Folketing
14 Holland States,General
15 Pakistan Parliament(National Assembly and Senate)
16 Australia Parliament
17 Malaysia Dewan Rakyat(Upper),Dewan Nagara (Lower)
18 Mongolia Khurat
19 New Zealand House of Representatives
20 Norway Storting
21 Poland Sejin
22 Romania Grand National Assembly
23 South Africa House of Assembly
24 Spain Crotes
25 Sweden Riksdag
26 Switzerland Federal Assembly
27 Canada Parliament (Lower House:House of Commons, Upper House:Senate)
28 Ireland Althing