Wednesday, March 30, 2011

SOME IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT SOLAR SYSTEM

Biggest Planet
Jupiter
Smallest Planet
Mercury
Nearest Planet to Sun
Mercury
Farthest Planet from Sun
Neptune
Nearest Planet to Earth
Venus
Brightest Planet
Venus
Hottest Planet
Venus
Coldest Planet
Neptune
Red Planet
Mars
Biggest Satellite
Ganymede
Smallest Satellite
Deimos
Blue Planet
Earth
Morning Star
Venus
Evening Star
Venus
Planet with a Red Spot
Jupiter
Brightest Planet outside Solar System
Sirius (Dog Star)
Closest Star of Solar System
Proxima Centauri
Fastest Rotation in Solar System
Jupiter
Slowest Rotations in Solar System
Venus
Fastest revolution in Solar System
Mercury
Slowest revolution in Solar System
Neptune






































Major Rivers of the World

RiverOriginFalls in Length (Km.)
NileVictoria lakeMediterranean Sea6,650
AmazonAndes (Peru)Atlantic  Ocean6,428
Mississippi MissouriItasca lake (USA)Gulf of Mexico (USA)6,020
YangtzeTibetan Kin PlateauChina Sea5,494
ObAltai Mts., RussiaGulf of Ob5,410
Huang HoKunlun Mts.Gulf of Chibli4,344
YeniseiTannu-Ola Mts.Arctic Ocean3,804
CongaLualaba & Luapula riversAtlantic Ocean3,700
NigerGuineaGulf of Guinea4,180
MekongTibetan highlandsSouth China sea4,180
VolgaVoldai Plateau, RussiaCaspian Sea3,690
St. LawrenceLake OntarioGulf of St. Lawrence3,058
BrahmaputraLake MansarovarBay of Bengal2,900
IndusNear lake MansarovarArabian sea2,880

International Organisations and Groups

The Common Wealth
  • It was originally known as ‘The British Commonwealth of Nations’. It is an association of sovereign and independent states which formally made up the British Empire.
  • Headquarters: London.
  • Members: 53
  • The British Monarch (Queen Elizabeth II) is the symbolic head of the commonwealth.
  • Commonwealth heads of government meet (CHOGM) is held in every 2 years.
Arab League
  • Established: March 22, 1945.
  • Objective: To promote economic, social, political and military cooperation.
  • Members: 22
  • Headquarters: Cairo
Asia Public Economic Corporation (APEC)
  • Established: Nov, 1989
  • Objective: To promote trade and investment in the Pacific basin.
  • Members: 21
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
  • Established: Dec. 19, 1966
  • Objective: To promote regional economic cooperation.
  • Members: 59
  • Headquarters: Manila
Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN)
  • Established: Aug. 8, 1967
  • Objective: Regional, economic, social and cultural cooperation among the non-communist countries of South-East Asia.
  • Members: Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Cambodia.
  • Headquarters: Djakarta.
Common Wealth of Independent States (CIS)
  • Established: Dec. 8, 1991
  • Objective: To coordinate inter-common wealth relations and to provide a mechanism for the orderly dissolution on the USSR.
  • Members: 12
  • Headquarters: Kirava (Belarus)
Group of 8 or G-8
  • Established: Sept. 22, 1985
  • Objective: To promote co-operation among major non-communist economic powers.
  • Members: France, Germany, Japan, UK, US, Canada, Italy, Plus Russia (added later).
Group of 15 or G-15
  • Established: 1889
  • Objective: To promote economic co-operation among developing nations.
  • Members: 18
Group of 77 or G-77
  • Established: Oct. 1967
  • Objective: To promote economic co-operation among developing nations.
  • Members: 130
International Criminal Police Organization For (INTERPOL)
  • Established: 1914
  • Objective: To promote the international cooperation among criminal police authorities.
  • Members: 186
  • Headquarters: France.
International Olympic Committee (IOC)
  • Established: June 23, 1894
  • Objective: To promote the Olympic ideals and administer Olympic Games.
  • Members: 203
  • Headquarters: Switzerland.
International Organization For Standardization ( ISO)
  • Established: Feb., 1947
  • Objective: To promote development of international standards.
  • Members: 158
  • Headquarters: Switzerland.
International Red Cross And Crescent Movement
  • Established: 1928
  • Objective: To promote worldwide humanitarian aid.
  • Headquarters: Geneva.
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
  • Established: Sep., 1961
  • Objective: Political co-operation and separate itself from both USA and USSR (in the cold-war era).
  • Members: 118
  • The credit of evolving the concept goes to Pt. Jawahar lal Nehru. The other contributors were Marshal Tito (President of Yugoslavia), Dr. Sukamo (President of Indonesia) and General Nasser (President of Egypt). Bandung conference in Indonesia became the forum for the birth of NAM.
European Union
  • Established: Apr.8, 1965. Effective on July 1, 1967
  • Objective: To create a united Europe in which member countries would have such strong economic and political bonds that war would cease to be a recurring fact.
  • Members: 27 (The ten new countries which joined in 2004 are Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slavakia and Slovania). Bulgaria & Romania joined in 2007.
  • Headquarters: Brussels (Belgium). The common European, currency, Euro, was launched on Jan. 1, 1999
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
  • Established: April 4, 1949
  • Objective: Mutual defense and cooperation
  • Members: 26 + Russia
  • Headquarters: Brussels
Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries (OPEC)
  • Established: Sept,1959
  • Objective: Attempts to set world prices by controlling oil production and also persues member interest in trade and development.
  • Members: 12 (Algeria, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, UAE, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Angola and Venezuela).
  • Headquarters: Vienna (Austria).
South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
  • Established: Dec. 8, 1985
  • Objective: To promote economic, social and cultural cooperation.
  • Members: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Srilanka, Afghanistan.
  • Headquarters: Katmandu.
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
  • Established: Oct. 11, 1947, Effective from April 4, 1951.
  • Objective: Specialized UN Agency concerned with meteorological cooperation.
  • Members: 162
  • Headquarters: Geneva
Amnesty International (AI)
  • Established: 1961
  • Objective: To keep a watch over human rights violation worldwide.
  • Headquarters: London
  • Got Nobel Prize in 1977 for Peace.
Organization Of The Islamic Conference (OIC)
  • Established: 1969
  • Objective: To promote Islamic solidarity among member states and to consolidate cooperation among members.
  • Members: 57
  • Headquarters: Saudi Arabia.
Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)
  • Established: June 7, 2002.
  • Objective: To develop mutual cooperation.
  • Members: Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrghiztan and Tajikistan.
Scouts and Guides
  • Established: 1907 by Lt. Gen. Baden Powell.
  • Objective: To encourage good character, loyalty to god and country, service to other people and physical and mental fitness.
  • Members: About 13 million members of around 115 nations.
  • World Scouts Bureau: Geneva (Switzerland).
World Wildlife Fund For Nature (WWF)
  • Established: Sept. 11, 1961
  • Objective: To save the wildlife from extinction
  • Members: All the countries of the world
  • Headquarters: Gland (Switzerland)

Important Natural Local Winds

ChinookHot, dry wind in Rockies, also called ‘snow eater’.
FoehnHot, dry wind in the Alps.
KhamsinHot, dry wind in Egypt.
SiroccoHot, moist wind from Sahara to Mediterranean Sea.
SalanoHot, moist wind from Sahara towards Iberian Peninsula.
HarmattanHot, dry wind blowing outwards from the interior of W. Africa, also called Guinea Doctor.
BoraCold, dry wind blowing outwards from Hungary to the north of Italy (near Adriatic Sea).
MistralVery cold wind, which blows down from the Alps over France.
PunasCold, dry wind blowing down towards the western side of Andes.
BlizzardVery cold wind in Tundra region.
BrickfielderHot wind in Australia.
PurgaCold wind in Russian tundra.
LevanterCold wind in Spain.
NorwesterHot wind in New Zealand.
Santa AnaHot wind in S. California in USA.

Major Mountain Peaks of the World

Mountain Peaks LocationHeights (m)
EverestNepal8,852
K2(Godwin Austin)India8,611
KanchanjangaIndia8,598
MakaluNepal –China8,481
DhaulagiriNepal8,172
Cho OyuNepal8,153
Nanga ParbatIndia8,126
Hidden PeakIndia8,068
AnnapurnaNepal8,078
NandadeviIndia7,813

Leading Countries for Mineral Production of World

Iron OreChina, Japan ,Russia
Copper OreChili,USA,Indonesia
TinChina, Indonesia, Peru
LeadChina, Australia, USA
ZincChina, Australia, Peru
ManganeseSouth Africa, Brazil, Australia
AluminiumChina, Russia, Canada
CementChina,  India, USA
PetroleumSaudi Arabia, Russia,USA
Nature GasRussia, USA, Canada
SilverPeru, Mexico, China
coalChina, USA, India

Monday, March 28, 2011

Newspaper/Journal

News Papers/ Journals
Founder/Editors
Bengal Gazette (India's first news paper, 1780)  J. K. Hikki
Amrit Bazar Patrika Shishir Kr. Ghosh & Motilal Ghosh
Keshri Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Maharatta Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Sudharak G. K. Gokhle
Vande Mataram Aurobindo Ghosh
Native Opinion V. N. Mandalik
Kavivachan Sudha Bhartendu Harishchandra
Rast Goftar (First News Paper in Gujrati) Dadabhai Naoroji
New India Bipin Chandra Pal
Statesman Robert Knight
Hindu Vir Raghavacharya & G. S. Aiyar
Sandhya B. B. Upadhyaya
Vichar Lahiri Krishna Shastri Chiplunkar
Hindu Patriot Girish Chandra Ghosh
Som Prakash Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Yugantar Bhupendra Nath Datta & Barindra Kumar Ghosh
Bombay Chronicle Firoze Shah Mehta
Hindustan Madan Mohan Malviya
Mooknayak B. R. Ambedkar
Comrade Mohammed Ali
Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq Sir Syyed Ahmed Khan
Al-Hilal Abul Kalam Azad
Al-Balagh Abul Kalam Azad
Independent Motilal Nehru
Punjabi Lala Lajpat Rai
New India Annie Besant
Commonweal Annie Besant
Pratap Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi
Essays in Indian Economics Mahadev Govind Ranade
Samvad Kaumudi (Bengali) Ram Mohan Roy
Mirat-ul-Akhbar (First Persian News Paper) Ram Mohan Roy
Indian Mirror Devendra Nath Tagore
Nav Jeevan M. K. Gandhi
Young India M. K. Gandhi
Harijan M. K. Gandhi
Prabudha Bharat Swami Vivekananda
Udbodhana Swami Vivekananda
Indian Socialist Shyamji Krishna Verma
Talwar (in Berlin) Birendra Nath Chattopadhyaye
Free Hinduatan Tarak Nath Das
Hindustan Times K. M. Pannikar
Kranti Mirajkar, Joglekar, Ghate

Tuesday, March 22, 2011

LIC (ADO) 2007 SOLVED PAPER

General Knowledge and Current Affairs
(Exam Held on 10-06-2007)
1. The punch line of the advertisement of which of the following organization is "Jindagi ke sath bhi Jindagi ke bad bhi" ?
(A) New India Assurance
(B) General Insurance Corporation
(C) ICICI Prudential
(D) Life Insurance Corporation Of India
(E) None of these
ANS- D
2. The central office of the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) is located at -
(A) Kolkata
(B) New Delhi
(C) Chennai
(D) Pune
(E) Mumbai
ANS- E
3. Th Life Insurance Corporation Of India has how many Zonal offices in India ?
(A) Five
(B) Seven
(C) Ten
(D) Fifteen
(E) None of these
ANS- B
4. Which of the following schemes was launched by the LIC in December 2001 with the object to lessen the burden of parents in meeting the educational expenses of their children ?
(A) Krishi Shramik Samajik Suraksha Yojana
(B) Jan Shree Bima Yojana
(C) Shiksha Sahyog Yojana
(D) Bhagyashree Child Welfare Bima Yojana
(E) None of these
ANS- C
5. If an organization wishes to venture into Insurance Business it has to obtain a licence first from which of the following ?
(A) Indian Bnaks Association (IBA)
(B) Security and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
(C) Tariff Advisory Committee (TAC)
(D) Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA)
(E) None of these
ANS- D
6. Which of the following schemes launched in the year 2000 by the LIC replaced social Securitty group Insurance Schemes (SSIGS) and Rural Group Life Insurance Schemes (RGLIS) ?
(A) Janshree Bima Yojana
(B) Bhagyashree Child Welfare Bima Yojana
(C) Jan Arogya Bima Yojana
(D) Raj Rajeshwari Mahila Kalyan Yojana
(E) None of these
ANS- A
7. How many maximum children from a family are covered for the benefits under the Shiksha Sahyog Yojana launched by the LIC ?
(A) One only
(B) Two only
(C) Three only
(D) One Girl Child only
(E) None of these
ANS- B
8. Which of the following Scheme was launched by the LIC to provide life insurance protection, perodical lumpsum survival benefit and pension to the agricultural workers in India ?
(A) Krishi Shramik Samajik Suraksha Yojana
(B) Jan Shree Bima Yojana
(C) Mahila Kalyan Yojana
(D) Sampurna Arogya Bima Policy
(E) None of these
ANS- A
9. On December 6yh 2006, the president of India launched on exclusive health Insurance Scheme for senior citizens. Which of the following insurance company has launched the schemes ?
(A) National Insurance Company
(B) Life Insurance Corporation Of India
(C) ICICI Prudential
(D) HDFC Life
(E) None of these
ANS- A
10. Which of the following cities does not have one of the zonal offices of the Life Insurance Corporation Of India ?
(A) Mumbai
(B) Kolkata
(C) Chennai
(D) Hyderabad
(E) Jhansi
ANS- E
11. Which of the following is the Basic Life Insurance Plan of the Life Insurance Corporation Of India ?
(A) Jeevan Tarang
(B) Jeevan Nidhi
(C) Jeevan Adhar
(D) Jeevan Umang
(E) None of these
ANS- E
12. Anmol Jeevan is a ........ of the LIC
(A) Basic Life Insurance Plan
(B) Term Insurance Plan
(C) Children's Plan
(D) Pension Plan
(E) None of these
ANS- B
13. As per policy of the LIC, loans are granted on unencumbered policies upto what per cent of the surrender value ?
(A) 60 %
(B) 70 %
(C) 80 %
(D) 90 %
(E) None of these
ANS- D
14. Which of the following group Schemes of the LIC Provides pensiobn to employees on their retirement from service ?
(A) Group Term Insurance Scheme
(B) Group Insurance in Liew of EDLI
(C) Group Gratuity Scheme
(D) Group Supeannuation Scheme
(E) None of these
ANS- D
15. Which of the following is the pension plam of the LIC
(A) Jeevan Adhar
(B) Jeevan ANAND
(C) Jeevan Akshay
(D) Amulya Jeevan
(E) None of these
ANS- C
16. Which of the following is not a scheme of the LIC ?
(A)Jeevan Sangam
(B) Jeevan Saral
(C) Jeevan Adhar
(D) Jeevan Pramukh
(E) None of these
ANS- A
17. Which of the following is a term Assurance plan of the LIC ?
(A) Jeevan Akshay
(B) Jeevan Adhar
(C) Jeevan Nivesh
(D) Jeevan Nidhi
(E) None of these
ANS- E
18. Premium to LIC policies can be paid by which of the following modes ?
(a) Cash
(b) Cheque
(c) Electronic Charging Machine
(A) Only a
(B) Only b
(C) Only c
(D) Both a and b
(E) All a, b and c
ANS- E
19. Customers of Lic can now get information about their policies by dialing which of the following telephone numbers in most of the centres ?
(A) 101
(B) 135
(C) 136
(D) 1251
(E) None of these
ANS- D
20. Lic policy holders do not get any income tax benefit under which of the following sections of the income tax act ?
(A) Section 80C
(B) Section 68 A, B and C
(C) sECTION 80 CCC
(D) Section 80 CD
(E) None of these
ANS- B 
21. Who amongst the following is not a Bharat Ratna Awardee ?
(A) Dr. A.P.J.Abdul Kalam
(B) Dr. V.VGiri
(C) Dr. Rajendra Parsad
(D) Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma
(E) None of these
ANS- D
22. Duran Lineb devides which of the following pair of the countries ?
(A) China - Afghanistan
(B) Afghanistan - Pakistan
(C) India - Pakistan
(D) India - Nepal
(E) Bangladesh - India
ANS- B
23. Who has become the second person of Indian origin to go into space after Kalpana Chawala ?
(A) Koneru Humpi
(B) Indra Nooyi
(C) Sunita Williams
(D) Sudha Murti
(E) None of these
ANS- C
24. Shinzo Abe is the new elected -
(A) Prime minister of Singapore
(B) Prime minister of South Korea
(C) President of Soth Korea
(D) President of North Korea
(E) Prime minister of Japan
ANS- E
25. Which of the following cups is associated with the game of Hockey ?
(A) Whiteman Cup
(B) Evert Cup
(C) Agha Khan Cup
(D) Hafed Open Cup
(E) None of these
ANS- C
26. Which of the following Indian films was nominated for the Oscar Award 2007 ?
(A) Water
(B) Eklabya- The Royal Guard
(C) Nih Shabd
(D) Lago Raho Munna Bhai
(E) None Of these
ANS- E

Geographical Epithets

Britain of the South : : : New Zealand
China’s Sorrow : : : River Hwang Ho
City of Dreaming Spires : : : Oxford (England)
City of Eternal Springs : : : Quito (S.America)
City of Flowers : : : Cape Town (S.Africa)
City of Golden Gate : : : San Francisco (USA)
City of Magnificient Buildings : : : Washington (USA)
City of Quiet thoroughfares : : : Venice
City of Seven Hills : : : Rome (Italy)
City of Skyscrapers : : : New York (USA)
Cockpit of Europe : : : Belgium
Dark Continent : : : Africa
Emerald Isle : : : Ireland
Empire City : : : New York
Eternal City of Hopes : : : Rome, Italy
Forbidden City : : : Lhasa (Tibet)
Garden City : : : Chicago
Garden in the desert : : : Ethiopia
Garden of England : : : Kent (England)
Gate of tears : : : Strait of bab-el-Mandeb
Golden City : : : Johannesburg
Gibraltar of Indian : : : Ocean Aden
Gift of Nile : : : Egypt
Granite City : : : Aberdeen
Hanging Valleys : : : Valley of Switzerland
Hermit Kingdom : : : Korea
Herring Pond : : : Atlantic Ocean
Holy Land : : : Palestine
Human Equator of the Earth : : : Himalayas
Island Continent : : : Australia
Island of Cloves : : : Zanzibar
Island of Pearls : : : Bahrain (Persian Gulf)
Islands of Sunshine : : : West Indies
Kashmir of Europe : : : Switzerland
Key to Mediterranean : : : Gibraltar
Land of Five Seas : : : South West Asia
Land of Lakes : : : Scotland
Land of Golden Pagoda : : : Myanmar
Land of Kangaroo : : : Australia
Land of Golden Fleece : : : Australia
Land of Lilies : : : Canada
Land of Maple : : : Canada
Land of Midnight Sun : : : Norway
Land of Morning Calm : : : Korea
Land of Rising Sun : : : Japan
Land of Setting Sun : : : United Kingdom
Land of Thousand Elephants : : : Laos
Land of Thousand Lakes : : : Finland
Land of Thunderbolt : : : Bhutan
Land of White Elephant : : : Thailand
Loneliest Island : : : Tristan De Gumha
Manchester of Japan : : : Osaka (Japan)
Pillars of Hercules : : : Straits of Gibraltar
Play Ground of Europe : : : Switzerland
Quaker City : : : Philadelphia
Queen of the Adriatic : : : Venice
Roof of the World : : : The pamirs (Tibet)
River in the Sea : : : Gulf Stream
Sickman of Europe : : : Turkey
Sugar Bowl of the world : : : Cuba
Venice of the East : : : Bangkok
Venice of the North : : : Stockholm
White City : : : Belgrade
Windy City : : : Chicago
Workshop of Europe : : : Belgium
World’s Loneliest Island : : : Tristan Da Cunha
Yellow River : : : River Hwang Ho, China

Sunday, March 13, 2011

Institutions for Environment Education and Research in India

International Environmental Organisations

Sunday, March 6, 2011

INTERNATIONAL TROPHIES WITH ASSOCIATED GAMES

list of International Trophies and awards with associated games and sports:
Games/Sports Trophies/Awards
Air Races King’s Cup
Badminton Thomas Cup
Badminton (Women) Uber Cup
Basketball William’s Cup
Cricket Ashes
Cricket Benson and Hedges
Cricket World Cup
Cricket Reliance Cup
Cricket Rothman’s Trophy
Football Colombo Cup
Football Merdeka Cup
Football European Champions Cup
Golf Canada Cup
Golf Rydet Cup
Golf Walker Cup
Golf Eisenhower Cup
Hockey World Cup
Hockey Essande Champions Cup
Hockey Rene Frank Trophy
Horse Race Derby
Horse Streple Chase Race Grand National
Lawn Tennis Davis Cup
Lawn Tennis Wightman Cup
Lawn Tennis Edgbaston Cup
Lawn Tennis Grand Prix
Polo Westchester Cup
Table Tennis Grand Prix
Table Tennis (Men) Swaythling Cup
Table Tennis (Women) Corbitton Cup
Tennis U. Thant Cup
Weight-lifting World Cup
World Soccer Cup Jules Rimet Trophy
Yacht Racing American Cup

Famous Quotations

Hey Ram. —Mahatma Gandhi

Jan Gan Man Adhinayak Jai Hey. —Rabindra Nath Tagore

And all the men and women merely players. —Shakespeare (As You Like It)

Sweet are the uses of adversity, which like a toad, ugly and Venomous. Wears yet a precious jewel in his head. —Shakespeare (As You Like It)

Better to reign in hell than to serve in heaven. —Milton

Et Tu, Brute ! —Shakespeare (Julius Ceaser)

Good Government is no substitute for self Government. —Morley

Death is the end of life, ah why should life all labour be. —Alfred Tennyson

Full many a gem of purest ray serene, the dark unfathomed caves of ocean bear. —Thomas Gray

And fools, who came to scoff, Remained to pray. —Oliver Goldsmith

“…Seditious fakir striding half-naked up the steps of the Viceroy’s palace there to negotiate and parley on equal terms with the representative of the King Emperor.” —Winston Churchill

“Generations to come, it may be, will scarce believe that such a one as this (Mahatma Gandhi) ever in flesh and blood walked upon this earth.” —Einstein

“Whom the Gods love die young.” —Byron (Don Juan)

“Necessity is the mother of invention.” —Unknown Latin Proverb

“For fools rush in where angels fear to tread.” —Pope

“A single step for a man–a giant leap for mankind.” —Neil Armstrong

“Thank God, I have done my duty.” —Admiral Nelson

“I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and Sweat.” —Winston Churchill

“Man is by nature a political animal.” —Aristotle

“To every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.” —Issaac Newton

Eureke ! Eureka ! —Archimedes

“Let a hundred flowers bloom and let a thousand schools of thought contend.” —Mao Tsetung

“Frailty, thy name is woman.” —Shakespeare (Hamlet)

“Our sweetest songs are those that tell of saddest thoughts.” —Shelley (To a Skylark)

“To maintain a fault known is a double fault.” —John Jewel

“Beauty is truth, truth beauty”—that is all. Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.” —Keats

“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.” —Bacon

“Knowledge is power.” —Francis Bacon

“There is no future in any job, the future lies in the man who holds the job.” —G.W. Crane

“Until the day of his death, no man can be sure of his courage.” —Jean Anovilh

“All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.” —George Orwell

“If it were not for hopes, the hearts would break.” —Thomas Fuller

“Freedom is not worth having if it does not include the freedom to wake mistake.” —Mahatma Gandhi

“Hate the sin, love the sinner.” —Mahatma Gandhi

“Facts are facts and will not disappear on account of your likes.” —Jawaharlal Nehru

“The only alternative to co-existence is codestruction.” —Jawaharlal Nehru

“History is moving and it will tend toward hope, or tend toward tragedy.” —George W. Bush

“All great things are simple, and many can be expressed in single words : freedom, justice, honour, duty, mercy, hope.” —Sir Winston Churchill
Dilli Chalo. —Subhash Chandra Bose
Truth and non-violence are my God. —Mahatma Gandhi
Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan, Jai Vigyan —Atal Behari Vajpayee
Jai Jawan Jai Kishan. —Lal Bahadur Shastri
“……the light that shone in this country was no ordinary light. For that light represented living truth.” —Jawahar Lal Nehru
“We have now to fight for peace with the same courage and deter-mination as we fought against aggression.” —Lal Bahadur Shastri
Aram Haram Hai. —Jawahar Lal Nehru
Swarajya is my birth right. —Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Geographical names

SurnameName
Bengal’s SorrowDamodar River
Blue MountainsNilgiri Hills
City of Sky-scrapersNew York
City of Seven HillsRome
City of Dreaming SpiresOxford
City of palacesKolkata
City of Golden GateSan Francisco
City of Magnificent BuildingsWashington D.C.
City of Eternal SpringsQuito(S.America)
China’s SorrowHwang Ho
Cockpit of EuropeBelgium
Dark ContinentAfrica
Emerald IsleIreland
Eternal CityRome
Empire CityNew York
Forbidden CityLhasa (Tibet)
Garden CityChicago
Gate of TearsStrait of Bab-el Mandeb
Gateway of IndiaMumbai
Gift of the NileEqypt
Granite CityAberdeen (Scotland)
Hermit KingdomKorea
Herring PondAtlantic Ocean
Holy LandJerusalem
Island ContinentAustralia
Island of ClovesZanzibar
Isle of PearlsBahrein (Peesian Gulf)
Key of the MediterraneanGibralter
Land of CakesScotland
Land of Golden FleeceAustralia
Land of Maple LeafCanada
Land of Midnight SunNorway
Land of the Thousand LakesFinland
Land of the ThunderboltBhutan
Land of white ElephantThailand
Land of Five RiversPunjab
Land of Thousand ElephantsLaos
Land of Rising SunJapan
Loneliest IslandTristan De Gunha (Mid-Atlantic)
Manchester of JapanOsaka
Pillars of HerculesStrait of Gibraltar
Pearl of the AntillesCuba
Playground of EuropeSwitzerland
Quaker CityPhiladelphia
Queen of the AdriaticVenice
Roof of the WorldThe Pamirs, Central Asia
Rose Pink CityJaipur
Sugar bowl of the WorldCuba
Venice of the NorthStockholm
Windy CityChicago
Whirteman’s graveGuinea Coast of Africa
Yellow RiverHuang Ho (China)