List of All the Presidents of India

No.	Name	Elected	Tenure
1.	Rajendra Prasad	1952-1957	26 January, 1950 – 12 May, 1962
2.	Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan	1962	13 May, 1962 – 13 May, 1967
3.	Zakir Husain	1967	13 May, 1967 – 3 May, 1969
4.	Varahagiri Venkata Giri (Acting)	–	3 May, 1969 – 20 July, 1969
5.	Mohammad Hidayatullah*	–	20 July, 1969 – 24 August, 1969
6.	Varahagiri Venkata Giri	1969	24 August 1969 – 24 August, 1974
7.	Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed	1974	24 August, 1974 – 11 February, 1977
8.	Basappa Danappa Jatti (Acting)	–	11 February, 1977 – 25 July, 1977
9.	Neelam Sanjiva Reddy	1977	25 July, 1977 – 25 July, 1982
10.	Giani Zail Singh	1982	25 July, 1982 – 25 July, 1987
11.	Ramaswamy Venkataraman	1987	25 July, 1987 – 25 July, 1992
12.	Shankar Dayal Sharma	1992	25 July, 1992 – 25 July, 1997
13.	Kocheril Raman Narayanan	1997	25 July, 1997 – 25 July, 2002
14.	A. P. J. Abdul Kalam	2002	25 July, 2002 – 25 July, 2007
15.	Pratibha Patil	2007	25 July, 2007 – 25 July, 2012
16.	Pranab Mukherjee	2012	25 July, 2012 – 25 July, 2017
17.	Ram Nath Kovind	2017	25 July, 2017 – Incumbent

INDIAN POLITY PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1. The system of government in India established by the constitution:
1. Parliamentary
2. Federal
3. Quasi federal
a) 1, 2, 3
b) 1, 2
c) 1 Only
d) None

2. Which one of the following is/are feature/s NOT common to both the Indian Federation and the American Federation?
1. A single citizenship
2. Three lists in the Constitution
3. Dual judiciary
4. A federal supreme court to interpret the Constitution
a) 1 & 2
b) 1, 2 & 3
c) All
d) 1 & 3

3. Which of the following statements regarding the Constituent Assembly are true?
1. It was not based on adult franchise
2. It resulted from direct elections
3. It was a multi-party body
4. It worked through several committees
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 4
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

4. Which of the following electoral systems is/are have been adopted for various elections in India?
1. System of direct election on the basis of adult suffrage
2. System of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote
3. List system of proportional representation
4. Cumulative system of indirect elections
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
a) 1 and 2
b) 1 and 3
c) 1, 2 and 3
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

5. Which of the following determines that the Indian Constitution is federal?
1. A written and rigid Constitution
2. An independent Judiciary
3. Vesting of residuary powers with the Centre
4. Distribution of powers between the Centre and the States
a) 1 & 4
b) 1, 3 & 4
c) Only 4
d) None

6. Which one of the following is not explicitly stated in the Constitution of India but followed as a convention?
a) The Finance Minister is to be a Member of the Lower House
b) The Prime Minister has to resign if he loses majority in the Lower House
c) All the parts of India are to be represented in the Council of Ministers
d) In the event of both the President and the Vice-President demitting office simultaneously before the end of their tenure the Speaker of the Lower House of the Parliament will officiate as the President

7. Which of the following is/are extra- constitutional and extra-legal device(s) for securing cooperation and coordination between the States in India?
1. The National Development Council
2. The Governor's Conference
3. Zonal Councils
4. The Inter-State Council
a) 1 and 2
b) 1, 3 and 4
c) 1, 3 and 4
d) 1,2, 3 and 4

8. Which of the following are matters on which a constitutional amendment is possible only with
the ratification of the legislatures of not less than one-half of the States?
1. Election of the President
2. Representation of States in Parliament
3. Any of the Lists in the 7th Schedule
4. Abolition of the Legislative Council of a State
a) 1, 2 and 3
b) 1, 2 and 4
c) 1, 3 and 4
d) 1,2, 3 and 4

9. Assertion (A): The word 'minority' is not defined in the Constitution of India.
Reason (R): The Minorities Commission is not a constitutional body.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both Aand R are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true

10. Assertion(A): The reservation of thirty-three percent of seats for women in Parliament and State
legislatures does not require Constitutional amendment.
Reason(R): Political parties contesting elections can allocate thirty-three percent of seats they
contest to women candidates without any Constitutional amendment.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both Aand R are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A
c) A is true, but R is false
d) A is false, but R is true

11. The Indian parliamentary system is different from the British parliamentary system in that
India has which of the following:
1. Both a real and a nominal executive
2. A system of collective responsibility
3. Bicameral legislature
4. The system of judicial review
a) 1, 2 & 3
b) 2 & 4
c) Only 2
d) Only 4

12. Consider the following statements regarding the National Human Rights Commission of India( NHRC):
1. Its Chairman must be a retired Chief Justice of India
2. It has formations in each state as State Human Rights Commission
3. Its powers are only recommendatory in nature
4. It is mandatory to appoint a woman as a member of the Commission
a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
b) 2 and 4
c) 2 and 3
d) 1 and 3

13. The members of the Constituent Assembly which drafted the Constitution of India were:
a) Nominated by the British Parliament
b) Nominated by the Governor General
c) Elected by the Legislative Assemblies of various provinces
d) Elected by the Indian National Congress and Muslim League

14. Consider the following statements with reference to India:
1. The Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners enjoy equal powers but receive unequal salaries
2. The Chief Election Commissioner is entitled to the same salary as is provided to a judge of the Supreme Court
3. The Chief Election Commissioner shall not be removed from his office except in like manner and on like grounds as a judge of the Supreme Court
4. The term of office of the Election Commissioner is five years from the date he assumes his office or till the day he attains the age of 62 years, whichever is earlier:
Which of these statements are correct?
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 4
d) 2 and 4

15. Consider the following statements: In the electoral college for Presidential Election in India:
1. The value of the vote of an elected Member of Legislative Assembly equals
2. The value of the vote of an elected Member of Parliament equals
3. There were more than 5000 members in the latest election
Which of these statement is/are correct?
a) 1 and 2
b) Only 2
c) 1 and 3
d) Only 3

ANSWERS:

1) b, 2) b, 3) c, 4) a, 5) c, 6) b, 7) a, 8) a, 9) b, 10) d, 11) d, 12) d, 13) c, 14) b, 15) b

Goods and Services Tax (GST)

GST is a unified taxation system which would end multiple taxation across the states and create a level playing field for businesses throughout the country, much like the developed nations. It is a multi-stage destination-based tax which will be collected at every stage, starting from procuring the raw material to selling the final product. The credit of taxes paid at the previous stage(s) will be available for set-off at the next stage of supply. Being destination or a consumption based, the GST will also end multiple taxes levied by Centre and the State Governments like Central Excise, Service Tax, VAT, Central Sales Tax, Octroi, Entry Tax, Luxury Tax and Entertainment Tax etc.  This will lower the overall tax burden on the consumer and will benefit the industry through better cash flows and working capital management. Currently, 17 State and Central levies are being applied on goods as they move from one State to the other.

BENEFITS

Different estimates peg the net advantage to the Gross Domestic Product, up to two percentage points.  The GST regime is also expected to result in better tax compliance, thereby increasing its revenue and narrowing the Budget deficit. All the imported goods will be charged Integrated Goods & Services Tax (IGST) which is equivalent to the Central GST + State GST. This will bring equality with taxation on local products.

Mainly, there will be three types of taxes under the GST regime: Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST), State (or Union Territory) Goods and Services Tax (SGST) and Integrated Goods and Services Tax (IGST). Tax levied by the Centre on intra-State supply of goods or services would be called the CGST and that to be levied by the States and Union Territories(UTs) would be called the SGST respectively. The IGST would be levied and collected by the Centre on inter-State supply of goods and services. Four supplementary legislations approving these taxes, namely the Central GST Bill, the Integrated GST Bill, The GST (Compensation to States) Bill, and the Union Territory GST Bill were passed by the Lok Sabha in May this year, making the realisation of 1^st July, 2017 deadline a reality.

All the matters related to the GST are dealt upon by the GST Council headed by the Union Finance Minister while all the State Finance Ministers are its Members. The GST Council also has a provision to adjudicate disputes arising out of its recommendation or implementation thereof.

TAX RATES

The GST Council has fixed four broad tax slabs under the new GST system - 5 per cent, 12 per cent, 18 per cent and 28 per cent. On top of the highest slab, there is a cess on luxury and demerit goods to compensate the States for revenue loss in the first five years of GST implementation. Most of the goods and services have been listed under the four slabs, but a few like gold and rough diamonds have exclusive tax rates. Also, some items have been exempted from taxation. The essential items have been kept in the lowest tax bracket, whereas luxury goods and tobacco products will invite higher tax.

17-YEAR-LONG WAIT

Many countries in the world switched to a unified taxation system very early. France was the first country to do so in 1954 and many others followed, some by implementing GST and others by using a different form of Value Added Tax (VAT). In India, the discussion on GST started in the year 2000, in the NDA Government led by the former Prime Minister, Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Finally, after 17 years of consensus building, 101^st Constitution Amendment Bill was passed by Parliament in 2016. The States had apprehension of reduction in their revenue and their desire to keep some lucrative goods out of the GST baskets like alcohol, petroleum and real estate among others.

IMPACT ON CONSUMERS

From agarbattis (incense sticks) to luxury cars - all these goods will be taxed under different slabs. Movie tickets costing less than Rs 100 have been kept in the 18% GST slab while those over Rs 100 will attract 28% tax under GST. Tobacco products have been kept under a higher tax bracket. Industries such as textiles and, gems and jewellery are subject to a GST rate of 5%

The Government has shown its strong determination and stuck to implementing the GST with effect from 1^st July, 2017. The road ahead would require a lot of resolve by the implementing agencies like the Goods and Services Network, states and the industry.    To sail through initial hiccups and successfully steer the ship of the economy, the Government needs to show the same determination and courage. A bold initiative like GST taken for the welfare of the country must lead to a grand success.

Union Budget 2017-18 Highlights

The 2017 Union Budget, presented by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley on 01st February 2017, was broadly focused on 10 issues farming sector, rural population, youth, poor and health care for the underprivileged, infrastructure, financial sector for stronger institutions, speedy accountability, public services, prudent fiscal management and tax administration for the honest.

Following are the highlights of his speech on various issues:

                                                         Demonetisation

1. Demonetisation is expected to have a transient impact on the economy.

2. It will have a great impact on the economy and lives of people .

3. Demonetisation is a bold and decisive measure that will lead to higher GDP growth.

4. The effects of demonetisation will not spillover to the next fiscal.

Agriculture sector

1. Sowing farmers should feel secure against natural calamities.

2. A sum of Rs. 10 lakh crore is allocated as credit to farmers, with 60 days interest waiver.

3. NABARD fund will be increased to Rs. 40,000 crore. 

4. Government will set up mini labs in Krishi Vigyan Kendras for soil testing.

5. A dedicated micro irrigation fund will be set up for NABARD with Rs 5,000 crore initial corpus.

6. Irrigation corpus increased from Rs 20,000 crore to Rs 40,000 crore.

7. Dairy processing infrastructure fund wlll be initially created with a corpus of Rs. 2000 crore.

8. Issuance of soil cards has gained momentum.

9. A model law on contract farming will be prepared and shared with the States.

Rural population

1. The government targets to bring 1 crore households out of poverty by 2019.

2. During 2017-18, five lakh farm ponds will be be taken up under the MGNREGA.

3. Over Rs 3 lakh crore will be spent for rural India. MGNREGA to double farmers' income.

4. Will take steps to ensure participation of women in MGNREGA up to 55%.

5. Space technology will be used in a big way to ensure MGNREGA works.

6. The government proposes to complete 1 crore houses for those without homes.

7. Will allocate Rs. 19,000 crore for Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana in 2017-18.

8. The country well on way to achieve 100% rural electrification by March 2018.

9. Swachh Bharat mission has made tremendous progress; sanitation coverage has gone up from 42% in Oct 13 to 60% now.

 youth

1. Will introduce a system of measuring annual learning outcomes and come out with an innovation fund for secondary education.

2. Focus will be on 3,479 educationally-backward blocks.

3. Colleges will be identified based on accreditation.

4. Skill India mission was launched to maximise potential. Will set up 100 India International centres across the country.

5. Courses on foreign languages will be introduced.

6. Will take steps to create 5000 PG seats per annum.

For the poor and health care

1. Rs. 500 crore allocated for Mahila Shakthi Kendras.

2. Under a nationwide scheme for pregnant women, Rs. 6000 will be transferred to each person.

3. A sum of Rs. 1,84,632  crore allocated for women and children.

4. Affordable housing will be given infrastructure status.

5. Owing to surplus liquidity, banks have started reducing lending rates for housing.

6. Elimination of tuberculosis by 2025 targeted.

7. Health sub centres, numbering 1.5 lakh, willl be transformed into health wellness centres.

8. Two AIIMS will be set up in Jharkhand and Gujarat.

9. Will undertake structural transformation of the regulator framework for medical education.

10. Allocation for Scheduled Castes  is Rs. 52,393  crore

11. Aadhaar-based smartcards will be issued to senior citizens to monitor health.

Infrastructure; Railways

1. A total allocation of Rs. 39,61,354 crore has been made.

2. Total allocation for Railways is Rs. 1,31,000 crore.

3. No service charge on tickets booked through IRCTC.

4. Raksha coach with a corpus of Rs. 1 lakh crore for five years (for passenger safety).

5. Unmanned level crossings will be eliminated by 2020.

6. 3,500 km of railway lines to be commissioned this year up from 2,800 km last year.

7. SMS-based ''clean my coach service'' is put in place.

8. Coach mitra facility will be introduced to register all coach related complaints.

9. By 2019 all trains will have bio-toilets.

10. Five-hundred stations will be made differently-abled friendly.

11. Railways to partner with logistics players for front-end and back-end solutions for select commodities.

12. Railways will offer competitive ticket booking facility

13. Rs. 64,000 crore allocated for highways. 

14. High speed Internet to be allocated to 1,50,000 gram panchayats

15. New Metro rail policy will be announced with new modes of financing

Energy Sector

1. A strategic policy for crude reserves will be set up

2. Rs. 1.26,000 cr for energy production-based investments received

3. Trade infra export scheme will be launched 2017-18.

Financial Sector

1. FDI policy reforms - more than 90% of FDI inflows are now automated.

2. Shares of Railway PSE like IRCTC would be listed on stock exchanges. 

3. Bill on resolution of financial firms to be introduced in this session of parliament.

4. Decided to abolish FIPB in 2017-18.

5. Foreign Investment Promotion Board to be abolished.

6. Revised mechanism to ensure time bound listing of CPSEs

7. Computer emergency response team for financial sector to be formed.

8. Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana lending target at Rs 2.44 lakh crore for 2017-18

9. Digital India - Bhim app will unleash mobile phone revolution - two new schemes to promote the app.

10. Govt to introduce two new schemes to promote BHIM App - referral bonus for users and cash back for traders: FM.

11. Negotiable Instruments Act might be amended.

12. DBT to LPG consumers , Chandigarh is kerosene free, 84 govt schemes are on the DBT platform.

13. Head post office as the central office for rendering passport services

14. Easy online booking system for Army, defence personnel

15. For big-time offences - including economic offenders fleeing India, the govt. will introduce a legislative change or new law to confiscate the assets of these people within the country.

Fiscal Situation

1. Total expenditure - Rs. 21, 47,000 crore

2. Abolition on plan, non-plan expenditure, focus on capital expenditure ( Capital expenditure will be 25.4 per cent)

3. Rs. 3,000 crore under Dept of Economic Affairs for implementing Budget announcements.

4. Defence expenditure, excluding pension, at Rs 2,74,114  crore

5. Expenditure in science and technology —  Rs. 37,435 crore

6. Total resources transferred to States and UTs is Rs 4.11 lakh crore

7. Recommended 3% fiscal deficit for three years with deviation of 0.5% of GDP.

8. Revenue deficit - 1.9 %

9. Pegged fiscal deficit of 2017-18 at 3.2% of GDP and remain committed to achieving 3% in the next year.

On funding of political parties

1. Maximum amount of cash donation for political parties will be Rs 2,000 from any one source from Rs 20,000

2. Political parties will be entitled to receive donations by cheque or digital mode from donors.

3. Amendment is being proposed to RBI Act to enable issuance of electoral bonds that government will scheme. Donor can 4. purchase these bonds from banks or post office via cheque or digital transactions. They can be redeemed only by registered political parties.

Tax proposals

1. Proportion of direct tax to indirect tax is not optimal.

2. 1.95 crore individuals showed income between Rs 2.5 lakh to Rs 5 lakh.

3. Out of 76 lakh individual assessees declaring income more than Rs 5 lakh, 56 lakh are salaried.

4. Only 1.72 lakh people showed income of more than Rs 50 lakh a year.

5. Between Nov 8 to Dec 30: Deposits between Rs 2 lakh and Rs 80 lakh was made in 1.09 crore accounts.

6. Net tax revenue of 2013-14 was Rs 11.38 lakh crore.

7. Out of 76 lakh individual assessees declaring income more than Rs 5 lakh, 56 lakh are salaried.

8. 1.95 crore individuals showed income between Rs 2.5 lakh to Rs 5 lakh.

9. Rate of growth of advance tax in Personal I-T is 34.8% in last three quarters of this financial year.

10. Holding period for long term capital gain lowered to 2 years

11. Propose to have carry-forward of MAT for 15 years.

12. Capital gains tax to be exempted for persons holding land from which land was pooled for creation of state capital of Telangana.

13. Corporate tax: In order to make MSME companies more viable, propose to reduce tax for small companies of turnover of up to 16. Rs 50 crore to 25%. About 67 lakh companies fall in this category. 96% of companies to get this benefit.

14. Propose to reduce basic customs duty for LNG to 2.5% from 5%

15. SIT on black money suggested no cash transactions of more than Rs 3 lakh. Govt has accepted this proposal.

16. Income Tax Act to be amended.  No transaction above Rs 3 lakh to be permitted in cash.

17. Limit of cash donation by charitable trust reduced to Rs 2,000 from Rs 10,000.

18. Net revenue loss in direct tax could be Rs. 20,000 crore.

19. India’s tax to GDP ratio is not favourable.

20. Out of 13.14 lakh registered companies, only 5.97 lakh companies have filed returns for 2016-17.

Personal income tax

1. Existing rate of tax for individuals between Rs.  2.5- Rs 5 lakh reduced to 5% from 10%

2. All other categories of tax payers in subsequent brackets will get benefit of Rs 12,500.

3. Simple one page return for people with annual income of Rs. 5 lakh other than business income.

4. People filing I-T returns for the first time will not come under govt. scrutiny5. 

5. 10% surcharge on individual income above Rs. 50 lakh and up to Rs 1 crore to make up for Rs 15,000 crore loss due to  cut in personal I-T rate. 15 surcharge on individual income above Rs. 1 crore to remain.

National Testing Agency (NTA)

The Union Human Resource Development Ministry has announced to set up a National Testing Agency (NTA) department to conduct examinations for higher and secondary.
Note: 
Initially, examinations like IIT, NIT and even university exams will be conducted by the NTA. An open web-based platform 'SWAYAM' will be launched by next month. The two thousand courses will be run for students across the country through SWAYAM.

Digital Payment of Salaries

The Lok Sabha has passed the Payment of Wages (Amendment) Bill, 2017 on 7th Feb 2017, which allows for digital payment of salaries or through cheque. The bill will now go to Rajya Sabha and following its passage in the upper House, the amendments will be notified.
Note: 
The move will enable employers to pay wages of less than Rs.18,000 a month by cheque or digitally to bank accounts, besides in cash, by doing away with the requirement of employees' written consent for the same.

Namami Gange programme

Centre has formed a committee to expedite the implementation of its ambitious Namami Gange programme under which it plans to free the Ganga River of waste by 2018.
Note: 
More than 2700 villages have been declared as open-defecation free out of 4 291 marked villages along the main stem of the river.

TAMRA Portal

The Union Govt has launched TAMRA (Transparency, Auction Monitoring and Resource Augmentation) portal and Mobile Application on 10th February, 2017 with an objective to enhance transparency and accountability as a part of the Ease of Doing Business in the Mining sector.

BHIM app

The Bharat Interface for Money (BHIM) app has been launched on the iOS platform after its successful launch on android platform.  On iOS it is currently supporting over 35 banks and is currently available in Hindi and English
Note: 
BHIM app on iOS also has a limit of Rs 10, 000 per transaction and Rs20, 000 in a day for transfers through the bank account.

List of Common Names of Chemical Compounds and Formulas

Common Name	Chemical Name	Formulae
Baking Powder	Sodium Bicarbonate	NaHCO3
Baryte	Barium Sulphate	BaSO4
Bleaching Powder	Calcium Hypochlorite	Ca (OCl)2
Blue Vitroil	Copper Sulphate	CuSO4.5H2O
Candy Fluid	Potassium Permanganate	KMnO4
Caustic Lotion	Silver Nitrate	AgNO3
Caustic Soda	Sodium Hydroxide	NaOH
Chile Saltpetre	Sodium Nitrate	NaNO3
Chloroform	Trichloromethane	CHCl3
Common Salt	Sodium Chloride	NaCl
Epsom Salt	Magnesium Sulphate	MgSO4.7H2O
Glauber's Salt	Sodium Sulphate	Na2SO4.10H2O
Green Vitriol	Ferrous Sulphate	FeSO4.7H2O
Gypsum	Calcium Sulphate	CaSO4.2H2O
Hydrogen Peroxide	Hydrogen Peroxide	H2O2
Hypo	Sodium Thiosulphate	NaS2O3.5H2O
Laughing Gas	Nitrous Oxide	N2O
Lime Water	Calcium Hydroxide	Ca (OH)2
Limestone	Calcium Carbonate	Ca CO3
Muriatic Acid	Hydrochloric Acid	HCl
Plaster of Paris	Calcium Sulphate	2CaSO4.H2O
Quick Lime	Calcium Oxide	CaO
Red Lead	Triplumbic Tetroxide	Pb3O4
Sal Ammoniac	Ammonium Chloride	NH4Cl
Saltpetre (Nitre)	Potassium Nitrate	KNO3
Sulphuric Acid	Sulphuric Acid	H2SO4
Soda Bicarb	Sodium Bicarbonate	NaHCO3
Washing Soda	Sodium Carbonate	Na2CO3.10H2O
Water	Hydrogen Oxide	H2O

Important Names of Common Chemical Name & Formula

Industrial Name	Chemical Name	Chemical Formula
Alum	Potassium aluminium sulphate	KAl(SO4)2.12H2O
Alcohol	Ethyl alcohol	C2H5OH
Banking Soda	Sodium bicarbonate	NaHCO3
Bleaching powder	Calcium chloro oxychloride or calcium chlorohypochloride	CaOCl3
Brine (or common salt)	Sodium chloride	NaCl
Borax	Sodium tetraborate decahydrate	Na2B4O7.10H2O
Caustic Potash	Potassium hydroxide	KOH
Caustic soda	Sodium hydroxide	NaOH
Chalk (marble) or pearl	Calcium carbonate	CaCO3
Chilli salt petre	Sodium nitrate	NaNO3
Chloroform	Trichloro methane	CHCl3
Epsom salt	Magnesium sulphate	MgSO4.7H2O
Glauber's salt	Sodium sulphate decahydrate	Na2SO4.10H2O
Gypsum	Calcium sulphate dihydrate	CaSO4.2H2O
Hypo	Sodium thiosulphate pentahydrate	Na2S2O3.5H2O
Laughing gas	Nitrous oxide	N2O
Lunar caustic	Silver nitrate	AgNO3
Marsh gas	Methane	CH4
Quick lime	Calcium oxide	CaO
Sal ammonia (Nausadar)	Ammonium chloride	NH4Cl
Sapphire (Ruby)	Aluminium oxide	Al2O3
Slaked lime	Calcium hydroxide	Ca(OH)2
Soda ash	Sodium carbonate	Na2CO3
Spirit	Methyl achochol	CH3OH
Washing soda	Sudium carbonate decahydrate	Na2CO3.10H2O

River Projects in India

Project	River	State
Bansagar Project	Son	Bihar Uttar Pradesh Madhya Pradesh
Bargi Project	Bargi	Madhya Pradesh
Beas Project	Beas	Haryana Punjab Rajasthan
Bhadra Project	Bhadra	Karnataka
Bhakhra Nangal Project	Sutlej	Punjab, Himachal Pradesh , Haryana, Rajsthan
Bheema Project	Pawana	Maharashtra
Chambal Project	Chambal	Rajasthan Madhya Pradesh
Damodar Ghati Project	Damodar	Jharkhand West Bengal
Dulhasti Project	Chinab	Jammu & Kashmir
Durga Barrage Project	Damodar	West Bengal Jharkhand
Farakka Project	Ganga, Bhagirathi	West Bengal
Gandak Project	Gandaki	Bihar, Uttar Pradesh
Ganga Sagar Project	Chambal	Madhya Pradesh
Ghatprabha Project	Ghatprabha	Karnataka
Girna Project	Girna	Maharashtra
Hansdev Bango Project	Hansdev	Madhya Pradesh
Hidkal Project	Ghatprabha	Karnataka
Hirakud Project	Mahanadi	Orissa
Idduki Project	Periyar	Kerala
Indira Gandhi Canal Project	Satlaj	Rajasthan Punjab Haryana
Jawahar Sagar Project	Chambal	Rajasthan
Jayakwadi Project	Godawari	Maharashtra
Kakrapara Project	Tapti	Gujrat
Kangsawati Project	Kangsawati	West Bengal
Kol Dam Project	Sutlaj	Himachal Pradesh
Kosi Project	Kosi	Bihar & Nepal
Koyana Project	Koyana	Maharashtra
Krishna Project	Krishna	Karnataka
Kunda Project	Kunda	Tamilnadu
Let Bank Ghaghra Canal	Ganaga	Uttar Pradesh
Madhya Ganaga Canal	Ganaga	Uttar Pradesh
Mahanadi Delta Project	Mahanadi	Odisha
Malprabha Project	Malprabha	Karnataka
Mandi Project	Vyas	Himachal Pradesh
Matatilla Project	Betwa	Uttar Pradesh Madhya Pradesh
Mayurakshi Project	Mayurakshi	West Bengal
Minimato Bango Hasdeo Project	Hasdeo Bango river	Madhya Pradesh
Muchkund Project	Muchkund	Odisha Andhra Pradesh
Nagarjunsagar Project	Krishna	Andhra Pradesh
Nagpur Power Project	Koradi	Maharashtra
Narmada Sagar Project	Narmada	Madhya Pradesh Gujarat
Nathpa Jhakri Project	Sutlaj	Himachal Pradesh
Panam Project	Panam	Gujarat
Panama Project	Panama	Gujarat
Panchet Project	Damodar	Jharkhand West Bengal
Pong Project	Beas	Punjab
Poochampad Project	Godawari	Andhra Pradesh
Purna Project	Purna	Maharashtra
Rajasthan Canal Project	Sutlej, Vyas, Ravi	Rajasthan Punjab Haryana
Ramganga Project	Ramganga	Uttar Pradesh
Rana Pratap Sagar Project	Chambal	Rajsthan
Ranjeet Sagar Project	Ravi	Punjab
Rihand Project	Rihand	Uttar Pradesh
Salal Project	Chenab	Jammu & Kashmir
Sardar Sarovar Project	Narmada	Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Rajasthan
Sarhind Project	Sutlaj	Haryana
Sharawati Project	Sharawati	Karnataka
Sharda Project	Sharda, Gomti	Uttar Pradesh
Shivsamundram Project	Kaveri	Karnataka
Sutlaj Project	Chinab	Jammu & Kashmir
Tawa Project	Tawa	Madhya Pradesh
Tehri Dam Project	Bhagirathi	Uttarakhand
Tilaiya Project	Barakar	Jharkhand
Tulbul Project	Chinab	Jammu & Kashmir
Tungbhadra Project	Tungbhadra	Andhra Pradesh. Karnataka
Ukai Project	Tapti	Gujarat
Upper Penganga Project	Penanga	Maharashtra
Uri Power Project	Jhelum	Jammu & Kashmir
Vyas Project	Vyas	Rajasthan Punjab Haryana Himachal Pradesh